. 2020 Aug 12;10:279. doi: 10.1038/s41398-020-00967-3

Table 4.

Cerebrospinal fluid findings.

	Total (N = 992)	Schizophreniform syndromes (N = 456)	Affective syndromes (N = 536)	Statistics
Cerebrospinal fluid basic parameters
WBC counts (Mean ± SD, range)	1.97 ± 4.85 (from 1 to 101/µl)	2.11 ± 6.46	1.84 ± 2.81	F = 0.228 p = 0.633
Increased WBC counts (ref. <5 /µl)	↑: 38 (4%) ↔: 944 (96%) n.a.: 10	↑: 15 (3%) ↔: 439 (97%) n.a.: 2	↑: 23 (4%) ↔: 505 (96%) n.a.: 8	Wald = 1.771 p = 0.183
Protein concentration (Mean ± SD, range)	471.71 ± 238.71 (from 107 to 2890 mg/l)	459.75 ± 230.92	481.86 ± 244.89	F = 1.079 p = 0.299
Increased protein concentration (ref. < 450 mg/l)	↑: 448 ↑ (45%) ↔: 543 = (55%) n.a.: 1	↑: 201 ↑ (44%) ↔: 254 = (56%) n.a.: 1	↑: 247 ↑ (46%) ↔: 289 = (54%) n.a.: 0	β = 0.341 Wald = 5.571 p = 0.018
Albumin quotients (Mean ± SD)	5.81 ± 3.18	5.64 ± 3.18	5.95 ± 3.19	F = 2.682 p = 0.102
Increased albumin quotients (ref.: <40y.: < 6.5 × 10^-3; 40–60y.: <8 × 10⁻³; >60y.: <9.3 × 10⁻³)	↑: 174 ↑ (18%) ↔: 815 (82%) n.a.: 3	↑: 85 ↑ (19%) ↔: 371 = (81%) n.a.: 0	↑: 89 ↑ (17%) ↔: 444 = (83%) n.a.: 3	Chi² = 0.640 p = 0.424
IgG-Index (Mean ± SD)	0.50 ± 0.10	0.51 ± 0.11	0.50 ± 0.08	F = 0.566 p = 0.452
Number of patients with increased IgG indices (ref. <0.7)	↑: 19 (2%) ↔: 970 (98%) n.a.: 3	↑: 8 ↑ (2%) ↔: 448 (98%) n.a.: 0	↑: 11 ↑ (2%) ↔: 522 (98%) n.a.: 3	Wald = 0.028 p = 0.866
Isolated OCB in CSF	40 (4%) n.a.: 26	19 (4%) n.a.: 7	21 (4%) n.a.: 19	Wald = 0.029 p = 0.865
OCBs in CSF and Serum	52 (5%) n.a.: 27	20 (4%) n.a.: 7	32 (6%) n.a.: 20	Wald = 1.915 p = 0.166
OCBs overall	93 (10%) n.a.: 26	39 (9%) n.a.: 7	54 (10%) n.a.: 19	Wald = 1.084 p = 0.298
Cerebrospinal fluid overall variables
Inflammatory CSF changes^a	Yes: 78/992 (8%) No: 914 / 992 (92%)	34/456 (7%) 422/456 (93 %)	44/536 (8%) 492/536 (92%)	Wald = 0.198 p = 0.656
Overall basic CSF alterations^b	Yes: 492/992 (50%) No: 500/992 (50%)	222/456 (49%) 234/456 (51%)	270/536 (50%) 266/536 (50%)	β = 0.336 Wald = 5.510 p = 0.019

Total (N = 992)

Schizophreniform syndromes (N = 456)

Affective syndromes (N = 536)

Statistics

Cerebrospinal fluid basic parameters

WBC counts (Mean ± SD, range)

1.97 ± 4.85 (from 1 to 101/µl)

2.11 ± 6.46

1.84 ± 2.81

F = 0.228

p = 0.633

Increased WBC counts (ref. <5 /µl)

↑: 38 (4%)

↔: 944 (96%)

n.a.: 10

↑: 15 (3%)

↔: 439 (97%)

n.a.: 2

↑: 23 (4%)

↔: 505 (96%)

n.a.: 8

Wald = 1.771

p = 0.183

Protein concentration (Mean ± SD, range)

471.71 ± 238.71 (from 107 to 2890 mg/l)

459.75 ± 230.92

481.86 ± 244.89

F = 1.079

p = 0.299

Increased protein concentration (ref. < 450 mg/l)

↑: 448 ↑ (45%)

↔: 543 = (55%)

n.a.: 1

↑: 201 ↑ (44%)

↔: 254 = (56%)

n.a.: 1

↑: 247 ↑ (46%)

↔: 289 = (54%)

n.a.: 0

β = 0.341

Wald = 5.571

p = 0.018

Albumin quotients (Mean ± SD)

5.81 ± 3.18

5.64 ± 3.18

5.95 ± 3.19

F = 2.682

p = 0.102

Increased albumin quotients (ref.: <40y.: < 6.5 × 10^-3; 40–60y.: <8 × 10⁻³; >60y.: <9.3 × 10⁻³)

↑: 174 ↑ (18%)

↔: 815 (82%)

n.a.: 3

↑: 85 ↑ (19%)

↔: 371 = (81%)

n.a.: 0

↑: 89 ↑ (17%)

↔: 444 = (83%)

n.a.: 3

Chi² = 0.640

p = 0.424

IgG-Index (Mean ± SD)

0.50 ± 0.10

0.51 ± 0.11

0.50 ± 0.08

F = 0.566

p = 0.452

Number of patients with increased IgG indices (ref. <0.7)

↑: 19 (2%)

↔: 970 (98%)

n.a.: 3

↑: 8 ↑ (2%)

↔: 448 (98%)

n.a.: 0

↑: 11 ↑ (2%)

↔: 522 (98%)

n.a.: 3

Wald = 0.028

p = 0.866

Isolated OCB in CSF

40 (4%)

n.a.: 26

19 (4%)

n.a.: 7

21 (4%)

n.a.: 19

Wald = 0.029

p = 0.865

OCBs in CSF and Serum

52 (5%)

n.a.: 27

20 (4%)

n.a.: 7

32 (6%)

n.a.: 20

Wald = 1.915

p = 0.166

OCBs overall

93 (10%)

n.a.: 26

39 (9%)

n.a.: 7

54 (10%)

n.a.: 19

Wald = 1.084

p = 0.298

Cerebrospinal fluid overall variables

Inflammatory CSF changes^a

Yes: 78/992 (8%)

No: 914 / 992 (92%)

34/456 (7%)

422/456 (93 %)

44/536 (8%)

492/536 (92%)

Wald = 0.198

p = 0.656

Overall basic CSF alterations^b

Yes: 492/992 (50%)

No: 500/992 (50%)

222/456 (49%)

234/456 (51%)

270/536 (50%)

266/536 (50%)

β = 0.336

Wald = 5.510

p = 0.019

WBC white blood cell, ref. reference; n.a. not available; OCBs oligoclonal bands, CSF cerebrospinal fluid, SD standard deviation.

^aInflammatory CSF changes: WBC counts increased and/or IgG indices increased and/or CSF specific oligoclonal bands.

^bOverall basic CSF alterations: Inflammatory CSF changes and/or increased albumin quotients and/or increased protein concentrations. Abbreviations: WBC, white blood cell; ref., reference; n.a., not available; OCBs, oligoclonal bands, CSF, cerebrospinal fluid; SD, standard deviation.

Significant p-values are marked in bold.