Table 5.
Autoantibody findings.
| Autoantibody findings | Overall (N = 992) | Schizophreniform syndrome (N = 456) | Affective syndrome (N = 536) | Statistics |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| IgG anti-thyroid antibodies in SERUM against the following antigens | ||||
| TPO (reference: <34 IU/ml) |
↑: 72 (17%), ↔: 341 (83%) n.a.: 579 |
↑: 34 (14%), ↔: 201 (86%) n.a.: 221 |
↑: 38 (21%), ↔: 140 (79%) n.a.: 358 |
Chi2 = 3.331 p = 0.068 |
| TG (reference: <115 IU/ml) |
↑: 37 (15%), ↔: 210 (85%) n.a.: 745 |
↑: 20 (13%), ↔: 129 (87%) n.a.: 307 |
↑: 17 (17%), ↔: 81 (83%) n.a.: 438 |
Chi2 = 0.715 p = 0.398 |
| TSHR (reference: <1.75 IU/l) |
↑: 11 (2%), ↔: 469 (98%) n.a.: 512 |
↑: 5 (2%), ↔: 238 (98%) n.a.: 213 |
↑: 6 (3%), ↔: 231 (97%) n.a.: 299 |
Chi2 = 0.120 p = 0.729 |
| Anti-thyroid antibodies overall |
↑: 91 (17%), ↔: 439 (83%) n.a.: 462 |
↑: 44 (16%), ↔: 230 (84%) n.a.: 182 |
↑: 47 (18%), ↔: 209 (82%) n.a.: 280 |
Chi2 = 0.493 p = 0.483 |
| Established IgG antineuronal autoantibodies against the following SERUM antigens (Euroimmun® fixed cell assays - screening) | ||||
| NMDAR |
++: 1 (0.2%) +++: 2 (0.4%) |
++: 1 (0.5%) +++: 2 (0.9%) |
0 (0%) | – |
| LGI1 |
++: 1 (0.2%) +++: 1 (0.2%) |
++: 1 (0.5%) | +++: 1 (0.4%) | – |
| CASPR2 | +: 1 (0.2%) | +: 1 (0.5%) | 0 (0%) | – |
| AMPA-1/2-R, GABA-B-R, DPPX | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | – |
| Cell surface antibodies in serum | ||||
| Questionably positive | 1/475 (0.2%) | 1/216 (0.5%) | 0/259 (0%) | |
| Slightly positive | 2/475 (0.4%) | 2/216 (0.9%) | 0/259 (0%) | |
| Clearly positive | 3/475 (0.6%) | 2/216 (0.9%) | 1/259 (0.4%) | Chi2 = 3.513 |
| OVERALL | 6/475 (1%) | 5/216 (2%) | 1/259 (0.4%) | p = 0.061 |
| Established IgG antineuronal antibodies against the following CSF antigens (Euroimmun® fixed cell assays - screening) | ||||
| NMDAR | +: 2 (0.3 %) | +: 2 (0.6 %) | 0 (0%) | – |
| AMPA-1/2-R, GABA-B-R, LGI1, CASPR2, DPPX | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | – |
| Cell surface antibodies in CSF | Chi2 = 2.134 | |||
| Questionably positive | 2/741 (0.3%) | 2/359 (0.6%) | 0/382 (0%) | p = 0.144 |
| Established IgG antineuronal antibodies against the following intracellular antigens in SERUM (Ravo® immunoassay - screening) | ||||
| GAD65 |
+: 2 (0.2%) +++: 1 (0.1%) |
+: 1 (0.2%) |
+: 1 (0.2%) +++: 1 (0.2%) |
– |
| Amphiphysin | +: 1 (0.1%) | 0 (0%) | +: 1 (0.2%) | – |
| Hu, Ri, Tr(DNER) | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | – |
| Yo |
+: 7 (0.8%) +++: 2 (0.2%) |
+: 5 (1%) +++: 2 (0.5%) |
+: 2 (0.5%)** | – |
| Cv2(CRMP5) | +: 5 (0.6%) | +: 1 (0.2%) | +: 4**/*** (1%) | – |
| HuD |
+: 2 (0.2%) +++: 1 (0.1%) |
+: 1 (0.2%) |
+: 1** (0.2%) +++: 1* (0.2%) |
– |
| Ma1/Ma2 |
+ (Ma2): 1 (0.1%) +++ (Ma1): 1 (0.1%) |
0 (0%) |
+ (Ma2): 1 (0.2%)***** +++ (Ma1): 1 (0.2%) |
– |
| SOX1 |
+: 17 (2%) +++: 1 (0.1%) |
+: 8 (2%)****** |
+: 9 (2%)**/***/****/***** +++: 1 (0.2%)* |
– |
| Zic4 | +: 6 (1%) | +: 1 (0.5%)****** | +: 5 (2%)**/***/****/***** | – |
| Intracellular antibodies in serum | ||||
| Questionably positive | 31/826 (4%) | 16/405 (4%) | 15/421 (4%) |
Chi2 = 0.086 p = 0.769 |
| Clearly positive | 5/826 (0.6%) | 2/405 (0.5%) | 3/421 (0.7%) |
Chi2 = 0.164 p = 0.685 |
| IgG SERUM antibodies associated with demyelinating diseases (Euroimmun® fixed cell assays) | ||||
| AGP4 | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | - |
| MOG | +++: 1 (1%) | +++: 1 (1%) | 0 (0%) |
Chi2 = 0.528 p = 0.468 |
| Antibody findings in tissue tests (indirect immune-fluorescence on unfixed murine brain tissue: Prof. Prüss, Berlin, Germany) | ||||
| In Serum overall | 7 (23%) | 5 (31%) | 2 (14%) | - |
| Anti-granule cell pattern | 4 (13%) | 3 (19%) | 1 (7%) | |
| Anti-vessel pattern | 2 (7%) | 1 (6%) | 1 (7%) | |
| Anti-myelin pattern | 1 (3%) | 1 (6%) | 0 (0%) | |
| In CSF overall | 8 (27%) | 6 (38%) | 2 (14%) | |
| Anti-granule cell pattern | 4 (13%) | 3 (19%) | 1 (7%) | |
| Anti-vessel pattern | 3 (10%) | 2 (13%) | 1 (7%) | - |
| Anti-myelin pattern | 1 (3%) | 1 (6%) | 0 (0%) | |
| Positive tissue tests in serum and/or CSF OVERALL | 9/30 (30%) | 7/16 (44%) | 2/14 (14%) |
Chi2 = 3.087 p = 0.079 |
+: Questionably positive, ++: Slightly positive, +++: Clearly positive.
*One patient had two +++ antibody findings: HuD and SOX1.
**One patient had multiple + antibody findings: Zic4, Sox1, Yo, CV2, and HuD.
***One patient had multiple + antibody findings: Zic4, Sox1, CV2(CRMP5).
****One patient with two slightly positive antibody findings: anti-SoX1 and Zic4.
*****One patient had multiple + antibody findings: anti-Zic4, Sox1, and Ma2.
******One patient had two + antibody findings: Sox1 and Zic4.
The overall alterations are marked in bold.