Figure 2.

Different CHIP-Associated Mutations May Have Differential Effects on the Distinct Hematopoietic Lineages That Contribute to CVD

(A) Many different hematopoietic lineages contribute to CVD. In atherosclerosis, pro-inflammatory macrophages (purple) accelerate plaque formation. Mast cells (blue) and neutrophils (green) promote thrombosis via IL-6 and neutrophil extracellular traps, respectively. B cells (brown) secrete antibodies and cytokines. Polarized T cells (orange) facilitate inflammation. All of these cell types have the potential to carry CHIP-associated mutations (yellow star) and to alter CHIP-associated CVD.

(B) Different CHIP-associated mutations may influence the cell types involved in and the pathogenesis of CHIP-associated CVD at different stages. Loss of TET2, JAK2, and DNMT3A has been associated with macrophages, neutrophils, and mast cells and T cells, respectively.