Table 2. Dominant frames used in the coverage of COVID-19 .
| Frame | Variable | Media |
Total
No. (%) |
|||||||
|
BBC
No. (%) |
Daily Mail
No. (%) |
Le Monde No. (%) |
Vatican
No. (%) |
CNN
No. (%) |
NYT
No. (%) |
Punch
No. (%) |
Pples Daily
No. (%) |
|||
| Economic Conseq |
Loss | 112 (10.9) | 96 (8.5) | 31 (8.9) | - | 101 (9.7) | 56 (5.7) | 34 (7.4) | 71 (9.6) | 502 (8.1) |
| Gain | 21 (2.1) | 32 (2.8) | 10 (2.9) | - | 57 (5.5) | 46 (4.7) | 20 (4.4) | 23 (3.1) | 208 (3.4) | |
| Human interest | Positive | 76 (7.4) | 103 (9.2) | 17 (4.9) | 35 (8.1) | 37 (3.6) | 101 (10.3) | 68 (14.8) | 49 (6.6) | 479 (7.7) |
| Negative | 296 (28.9 | 307 (27.3 | 48 (13.8 | 47 (10.9) | 123 (11.8) | 191 (19.5) | 22 (4.8) | 11 (1.5) | 1040 (16.9) | |
| Conflict | Conflict | 32 (3.1) | 31 (2.8) | 06 (1.8) | - | 135 (12.9) | 144 (14.6) | 02 (0.4) | 25 (3.4) | 375 (6.2) |
| Morality/ Religion |
Positive | 18 (1.8) | 14 (1.2) | - | 26 (6.0) | 44 (4.2) | 19 (1.9) | 12 (2.6) | 35 (4.7) | 163 (2.6) |
| Negative | 51 (4.9) | 31 (2.8) | - | 98 (22.6) | 85 (8.2) | 11 (1.1) | 53 (11.6) | 06 (0.8) | 354 (5.8) | |
| Att of Res | Blame | 88 (8.6) | 105 (9.3) | 78 (22.5) | - | 118 (11.3) | 83 (8.4) | 78 (17.0) | 88 (11.9) | 638 (10.4) |
| Politicisation | Blame | 27 (2.6) | 36 (3.2) | 35 (10.1 | 14 (3.2) | 76 (7.3) | 69 (7.0) | 17 (3.7) | 78 (10.6) | 350 (5.7) |
| Defence | - | 16 (1.4) | - | - | 12 (1.2) | 07 (0.7) | 04 (0.9) | 118 (16.0 | 157 (2.6) | |
| Ethnicisation | Positive | 21 (2.1) | 17 (1.5) | 11 (3.2) | 11 (2.5) | 23 (2.2) | 22 (2.2) | 10 (2.1) | 11 (1.5) | 125 (2.0) |
| Negative | 09 (0.9) | 05 (0.4) | - | - | 44 (4.2) | 13 (1.3) | 02 (0.4) | 40 (5.4) | 114 (1.9) | |
| Fear/Scaremongeri | Positive | 101 (9.9) | 151 (13.4 | 54 (15.6) | 09 (2.1) | 44 (4.2) | 117 (11.9) | 75 (16.4) | 31 (4.2) | 582 (9.5) |
| Negative | 21 (2.1) | 34 (3.0) | 11 (3.2) | 36 (8.3) | 67 (6.4) | 67 (6.8) | 08 (1.7) | 65 (8.8) | 309 (5.0) | |
| Hope | Solution | 59 (5.8) | 44 (3.9) | 25 (7.2) | 94 (21.7) | 24 (2.3) | 14 (1.4) | 36 (7.7) | 54 (7.3) | 354 (5.8) |
| Palliative | 91 (8.9) | 102 (9.0) | 21 (6.1) | 63 (14.5) | 51 (4.9) | 22 (2.2) | 17 (3.7) | 32 (4.3) | 395 (6.4) | |
| Total | 1023 (16.6) | 1124 (18.3) | 347 (5.6) | 433 (7.0) | 1041 (16.9) | 982 (15.9) | 458 (7.5) | 737 (11.9 | 6145 (100) | |