Table 2.
MIC, MBC, and MFC (minimum fungicidal concentration) of TAE and nanoemulsion hydrogel containing TAE and carvacrol for different microorganism strains.
| Microorganism | mg/mL | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| MIC | MBC | MIC/MBC | Activity | |
| TAE | ||||
| Enterococcus faecalis, ATCC-29212 | 25 | 50 | <4 | Bactericidal |
| Enterococcus faecalis (VRE), ATCC-51299 | 25 | 50 | <4 | Bactericidal |
| Staphylococcus aureus, ATCC-43300 | 12 | 25 | <4 | Bactericidal |
| Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), ATCC-43300 | 25 | 50 | <4 | Bactericidal |
| Staphylococcus epidermidis, ATCC-12228 | 3 | 6 | <4 | Bactericidal |
| Salmonella typhimurium, ATCC-14028 | 12 | 25 | <4 | Bactericidal |
| Klebsiella pneumoniae (ESBL), ATCC-700603 | 25 | 50 | <4 | Bactericidal |
| Klebsiella pneumoniae (CRE), ATCC-1705 | 25 | 50 | <4 | Bactericidal |
| Acinetobacter baumannii, ATCC-19605 | 12 | 25 | <4 | Bactericidal |
| Shigella sonnei, ATCC-25931 | 25 | 50 | <4 | Bactericidal |
| Proteus mirabilis, ATCC-43071 | NA | NA | — | NA |
| Escherichia coli, ATCC-35218 | NA | NA | — | NA |
| Pseudomonas aeruginosa | 12 | 25 | <4 | Bactericidal |
| Klebsiella pneumoniae (ESBL) | 12 | 25 | <4 | Bactericidal |
| Escherichia coli | 12 | 25 | <4 | Bactericidal |
| Staphylococcus aureus | 25 | 50 | <4 | Bactericidal |
| Enterococcus faecalis | 25 | 50 | <4 | Bactericidal |
| Acinetobacter baumannii | 25 | 50 | <4 | Bactericidal |
| Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) | NA | NA | — | NA |
| Proteus mirabilis | 12 | 25 | <4 | Bactericidal |
|
| ||||
| TAE and carvacrol nanoemulsion hydrogel | ||||
| Escherichia coli | 36.6 | 75 | <4 | Bactericidal |
| Staphylococcus aureus | 46.6 | 150 | <4 | Bactericidal |
| Enterococcus faecalis | 50 | 200 | <4 | Bactericidal |
| Staphylococcus epidermidis | 40 | 200 | >4 | Bacteriostatic |
| Staphylococcus capitis | 20 | 87.5 | <4 | Bactericidal |
| Bacillus cereus spores | 66.6 | >200 | >4 | Sporostatic |
| Bacillus sphaericus spores | 58.3 | >200 | >4 | Sporostatic |
| Bacillus subtilis spores | 75 | >200 | >4 | Sporostatic |
|
| ||||
| MIC | MFC | MIC/MFC | Activity | |
| Candida albicans | 36.6 | 200 | >4 | Fungistatic |
| Aspergillus niger | 33.3 | >200 | >4 | Fungistatic |
NA = no antibacterial activity at the concentration of the extract tested (50 mg/mL).