Table 1.
Baseline characteristics
| All (N = 1376) | No +1q (n = 985) | +1q (n = 391) | P | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age, y | ||||
| Median | 64 | 64 | 66 | .009 |
| IQR | 57-71 | 57-70 | 59-72 | |
| ≥70 (vs <70) | 381 (28) | 253 (26) | 128 (33) | .009 |
| Male sex | 834 (61) | 611 (62) | 223 (57) | .10 |
| ECOG PS | ||||
| ≥2 (vs 0-1) | 95 (19) | 64 (18) | 31 (22) | .38 |
| Hb, g/dL | ||||
| Median | 10.9 | 11.1 | 10.4 | <.001 |
| IQR | 9.4-12.4 | 9.6-12.7 | 8.9-11.9 | |
| <10 (vs ≥10) | 406 (33) | 258 (29) | 148 (42) | <.001 |
| Platelets, × 109/L | ||||
| Median | 210 | 214 | 193 | <.001 |
| IQR | 162-259 | 168-264 | 142-244 | |
| <150 (vs ≥150) | 171 (20) | 108 (17) | 63 (27) | .001 |
| Serum creatinine, mg/dL | .047 | |||
| Median | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.1 | |
| IQR | 0.9-1.5 | 0.8-1.3 | 0.9-1.7 | |
| LDH, units/L | ||||
| Median | 165 | 162 | 174 | .02 |
| IQR | 138-201 | 137-194 | 138-219 | |
| >222 (vs ≤222) | 147 (16) | 90 (14) | 57 (23) | <.001 |
| B2M, µg/mL | ||||
| Median | 4.1 | 3.9 | 4.8 | <.001 |
| IQR | 2.8-7.4 | 2.7-6.9 | 3.3-8.8 | |
| >5.5 (vs ≤5.5) | 383 (36) | 254 (33) | 129 (43) | .002 |
| Albumin, g/dL | ||||
| Median | 3.6 | 3.6 | 3.5 | .007 |
| IQR | 3.2-3.8 | 3.3-3.8 | 3.2-3.7 | |
| ≤3.5 (vs >3.5) | 507 (49) | 353 (47) | 156 (54) | .05 |
| Calcium, mg/dL | ||||
| Median | 9.5 | 9.5 | 9.5 | .88 |
| IQR | 9.1-10.1 | 9.1-10.1 | 9.0-10.2 | |
| ≥11 (vs <11) | 110 (9) | 68 (8) | 42 (13) | .01 |
| Lytic lesions | 763 (69) | 554 (70) | 209 (67) | .47 |
| BMPCs, % | ||||
| Median | 50 | 50 | 60 | <.001 |
| IQR | 30-70 | 25-70 | 40-80 | |
| ≥50 (vs <50) | 712 (55) | 474 (51) | 238 (66) | <.001 |
| Serum M spike, g/dL | .05 | |||
| Median | 2.5 | 2.4 | 2.8 | |
| IQR | 0.6-3.9 | 0.6-3.8 | 0.8-4.2 | |
| Urine M spike, g/24 h | .002 | |||
| Median | 0.04 | 0.03 | 0.13 | |
| IQR | 0-0.5 | 0-0.4 | 0-0.8 | |
| Immunoglobulin isotype | ||||
| IgA | 263 (25) | 160 (21) | 103 (35) | <.001 |
| IgG | 626 (60) | 463 (61) | 163 (55) | .06 |
| LC MM | 141 (13) | 117 (16) | 24 (8) | .001 |
| Involved LC Λ | 385 (36) | 247 (33) | 138 (45) | <.001 |
| ISS stage | ||||
| 1 | 245 (24) | 197 (27) | 48 (17) | |
| 2 | 383 (38) | 275 (38) | 108 (38) | |
| 3 | 384 (38) | 255 (35) | 129 (45) | <.001 |
| 3 (vs 1/2) | 384 (38) | 255 (35) | 129 (45) | .003 |
| PCLI, % | ||||
| Median | 0.8 | 0.8 | 1.0 | .01 |
| IQR | 0.3-1.5 | 0.2-1.4 | 0.4-2.2 | |
| ≥2 (vs <2) | 82 (19) | 54 (16) | 28 (28) | .009 |
| SR FISH abnormality | ||||
| Trisomy | 790 (59) | 558 (58) | 232 (60) | .46 |
| t(11;14) | 273 (20) | 221 (23) | 52 (13) | <.001 |
| Del(13q) | 128 (9) | 72 (7) | 56 (14) | <.001 |
| Monosomy 13 | 530 (39) | 344 (36) | 186 (48) | <.001 |
| HR FISH abnormality | ||||
| t(4;14) | 129 (10) | 69 (7) | 60 (16) | <.001 |
| t(14;16) | 57 (4) | 29 (3) | 28 (7) | <.001 |
| t(14;20) | 15 (1) | 5 (1) | 10 (3) | .002 |
| Del(17p)/monosomy 17 | 174 (13) | 130 (14) | 44 (11) | .32 |
| First-line induction chemotherapy | ||||
| PI based | 472 (36) | 337 (36) | 135 (36) | |
| IMiD based | 465 (35) | 366 (39) | 99 (27) | |
| PI + IMiD based | 374 (28) | 239 (25) | 135 (36) | |
| Other | 9 (1) | 6 (1) | 3 (1) | |
| First-line transplantation | 581 (44) | 426 (45) | 155 (42) |
Comparison of clinical characteristics, prevalence of cytogenetic abnormalities, and first-line treatments in patients with +1q and without +1q. Median (IQR) is presented for continuous variables and n (%) for categorical variables.
B2M, β2-microglobulin; BMPC, bone marrow plasma cell; ECOG PS, Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status; Hb, hemoglobin; LC, light chain; LDH, lactate dehydrogenase; PCLI, plasma cell labeling index.