Table 3.

Univariate linear regression analysis of the time until the first contact [s] (TUFC) and the number of pigs surrounding the observer after 1 min [%] (PPSO) for different animal health-related variables

Variable	TUFC [s]			PPSO [% of pigs per pen]
	estimator	R-Square	P-value	estimator	R-Square	P-Value
number of pigs per pen	−0.05	0.0106	<  0.0001	− 0.30	0.0842	<  0.0001
pigs per usable manipulatable material	0.07	0.0008	0.27	−0.52	0.0125	<  0.0001
pigs per usable drinker	−0.18	0.0091	0.0002	−0.39	0.0115	<  0.0001
Bursa auxiliaris	−0.09	0.0123	<  0.0001	−0.41	0.0712	<  0.0001
skin lesions	−0.11	0.0012	0.1654	−1.04	0.0275	< 0.0001
ear lesions	0.07	0.0017	0.1076	−0.14	0.0016	0.0973
ear substance loss	0.05	0.0030	0.0302	−0.06	0.0012	0.1590
tail lesions	−0.07	0.0025	0.0517	0.14	0.0028	0.0296
tail substance loss	−0.06	0.0010	0.2051	0.09	0.0007	0.2810

TUFC time [s] until the first contact (touching the observer) of a pig with the person in the pen, PPSO percentage of pigs relative to group size [%] surrounding the observer after 1 min

* study population: 1668 pig groups (pen) from 214 herds