FIGURE 3.

Comparison of change in partial pressure of end‐tidal carbon dioxide (P_ETCO₂) (top panels) and change in middle cerebral artery velocity (MCAv) from rest (bottom panels) during incremental running (left) and cycling (right) exercise (3‐min stages at 35%, 50%, 65%, 80%, 95% VO₂max), between participants characterized as high (male: >45 mL/min/kg; female: >40 mL/min/kg) or low fitness (male: <40 mL/min/kg; female: <35 mL/min/kg). ^*Significantly different from resting values (p < .05); ^¥Significantly different from 35% VO_2max values (p < .05); ^#Significantly different from 80% VO_2max values (p < .05); ^‡Significantly different from 95% VO_2max values (p < .05); ^$Low fitness significantly different from high fitness (p < .05); ^†Significantly different between modalities (p < .05)