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. 2020 Aug 12;28(2):169–179. doi: 10.1016/j.chom.2020.06.014

Figure 3.

Figure 3

Unique Environmental Factors and Biological Changes in the Very Young and the Very Old that Can Be Detrimental to Vaccine Efficacy

Newborn children and elderly people undergo physiological changes and are exposed to environmental stimuli that can be detrimental to their immune system. Simultaneously, they often experience decreased microbial diversity. These factors interplay to make them less responsive to vaccination.