Table 1.
Genomic regions in linkage disequilibrium that are associated with environmental or life-history traits under selection. Variant names and/or locations are specified differently across taxa and depending on the type of genomic information available. Specific names/locations are not provided if there are more than 5 variants per row
| Species name | Common name | Variant architecture | Variant names and/or locations | Associated phenotype | References |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Plants | |||||
| Boechera stricta | Drummond’s rockcress | Inversion | LG1 | Environmental adaptation (water regime) | Lee et al. (2017) |
| Helianthus spp. | Sunflower | Haploblocks and inversions | genome-wide (N = 37) | Environmental adaptation (climate) and reproduction (morphology) | Todesco et al. (2020) |
| Mimulus guttatus | Monkeyflower | Inversion | DIV1 on chromosome 8 | Perenniality | Lowry and Willis (2010); Twyford and Friedman (2015); Coughlan and Willis (2019) |
| Zea mays ssp. mays | Highland maize | Inversion | Inv4m | Environmental adaptation (highland) | Crow et al. (2019) |
| Invertebrates | |||||
| Anopheles spp. | Mosquito | Inversions | genome-wide (N=17) | Environmental adaptation (latitudinal clines, altitude-associated habitat) | Ayala et al. (2014, 2017) |
| Apis mellifera | East African honeybee | Inversions | r7, r9 | Environmental adaptation (altitude- associated habitat) | Wallberg et al. (2017); Christmas et al. (2019) |
| Coelopa frigida | Seaweed fly | Inversion | Chromosome 1 | Environmental adaptation (latitudinal clines) | Mérot et al. (2018); Mérot et al. (2020b) |
| Drosophila melanogaster | Fruit fly | Inversions | In(3R)Payne (3RP), In(3L) P, In(3R)C, In(2L)t | Environmental adaptation (latitudinal and altitudinal clines) | Krimbas and Powell (1992); Anderson et al. (2005); Rane et al. (2015); Kapun and Fabian (2016); Kapun and Flatt (2019) |
| Drosophila mojavensis | Fruit fly | Inversions | Chromosome 2 (N = 7) | Environmental adaptation (desert and/ or host plant) | Guillén and Ruiz (2012) |
| Drosophila pseudoobscura | Fruit fly | Inversions | AR, PP, CH, ST, TL | Environmental adaptation (latitudinal clines) | Schaeffer (2008); Fuller et al. (2016, 2017) |
| Littorina saxatilis | Rough periwinkle | Inversions, putative inversions | Genome-wide (N = 17) | Environmental adaptation (wave vs. crab ecotype, low-shore vs. high shore) | Faria et al. (2019); Morales et al. (2019) |
| Fishes | |||||
| Gadus morhua | Atlantic cod | Inversions | LG02, LG07, LG12 | Environmental adaptation (latitudinal and salinity clines) | Bradbury et al. (2010); Berg et al. (2015); Sodeland et al. (2016); Barth et al. (2017, 2019) |
| Double inversion | LG01 | Migratory behavior | Berg et al. (2016); Kirubakaran et al. (2016); Berg et al. (2017); Kess et al. (2019) | ||
| Menidia menidia | Atlantic silverside | Block of differentiation | Chromosome 24 | Environmental adaptation (latitudinal clines), growth | Therkildsen et al. (2019) |
| Salmo salar | Atlantic salmon | Fusion | Ssa08/Ssa29 | Environmental adaptation (summer precipitation) | Wellband et al. (2019) |
| Linked genomic region | Ssa09 | Sea age at maturity, run timing | Johnston et al. (2014); Barson et al. (2015); Cauwelier et al. (2018) | ||
| Oncorhynchus mykiss | Rainbow trout | Double inversion | Omy05 | Migratory behavior (anadromous vs. resident and fluvial vs. adfluvial), environmental adaptation (latitudinal and temperature clines) | Pearse et al. (2014); Arostegui et al. (2019); Pearse et al. (2019) |
| Oncorhynchus nerka | Sockeye salmon | Linked genomic region | Ssa09 homolog | Environmental adaptation (stream- vs. lake-spawning ecotypes) | Veale and Russello (2017) |
| Clupea harengus | Atlantic herring | Inversion | Chromosome 12 | Environmental adaptation (latitudinal clines), spawning time | Barrio et al. (2016); Lamichhaney et al. (2017); Fuentes-Pardo et al. (2019); Pettersson et al. (2019) |
| Oncorhynchus tshawytscha | Chinook salmon | Linked genomic region | Ots28 | Timing of arrival to spawning grounds | Narum et al. (2018) |
| Ammodytes tobianus | Lesser sandeel | Haploblock | Unknown (13 linked SNPs) | Putative environmental adaptation (sea bottom temperature) | Jiménez-Mena et al. (2020) |
| Oncorhynchus mykiss | Steelhead trout | Linked genomic region | Omy28 | Migration timing | Micheletti et al. (2018) |
| Mallotus villosus | Capelin | Fusion | Chromosomes 2 and 9 | Environmental adaptation (spawning site, temperature) | Cayuela et al. (2020) |
| Gasterosteus aculeatus | Three-spined stickleback | Inversions | Chromosomes 1, 11, and 21 | Environmental adaptation (marine vs. freshwater) | Jones et al. (2012) |
| Pleuronectes platessa | European plaice | Putative inversions | SV19, SV21 | Environmental adaptation (latitudinal and salinity clines) | Le Moan et al. (2019a, 2019b) |
| Aves | |||||
| Uria aalge | Common murre | Complex copy number variant | Scaffold 72 | Plumage coloration, thermal adaptation | Tigano et al. (2018) |