. 2020 Aug 12;15(8):e0237353. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0237353

Table 3. Mean percent escape response and percent mortality of An. dirus (TMMU) exposed to TFT in ER assays.

% Concentration^†	ER assay	Percent escape response				Percent knockdown and mortality in treatments^***
		Control		Treatment		% KD 30 min exposure		% Mortality 24 h
		N	%Esc.^*	N	%Esc.^**^,(^§⁾	Esc.	NEsc.	Esc.	NEsc.
0.00409 (LC₅₀)	Noncontact	60	8.33^a	60	80.00^a	75.51^a	18.18^a	14.29^a	63.64^a
	Contact	60	10.00^a	60	74.08^a (0)	78.26^a	100.0^b	32.61^a	50.00^a
0.00489 (LC₇₅)	Noncontact	62	12.90^a	60	46.42^a	93.75^a	96.43^a	40.63^a	89.29^a
	Contact	61	9.84^a	60	59.33^a (10.00)	73.68^a	100.0^a	31.58^a	90.91^a
0.00754 (LC₉₉)	Noncontact	60	8.33^a	62	85.93^a	40.74^a	100.0^a	3.70^a	37.50^a
	Contact	62	4.84^a	62	64.52^b (0)	65.00^a	100.0^a	2.50^a	50.00^a
0.01508 (DC)	Noncontact	60	15.00^a	60	49.02^a	94.12^a	100.0^a	50.00^a	100.0^a
	Contact	62	9.68^a	58	54.19^a (1.95)	100.0^a	100.0^a	55.88^a	95.83^a

ER, excito-repellency; Esc, escaped mosquitoes; NEsc, non-escaped mosquitoes; KD, knockdown; LC, lethal concentration; DC, discrinimating concentration.

*Percent escape in control group showed no significantly difference (P > 0.05) between noncontact and contact tests at the same concentration.

**Percent escape adjusted with paired controls using Abbott’s formula. Different letter indicates significant differences (P < 0.05) between noncontact and contact tests in treatment group at the same concentration.

***Different letter indicates significant differences (P < 0.05) between control, noncontact and contact tests at the same concentration and same response group (Esc. or NEsc.).

^§Percent contact escape adjusted with paired noncontact escape response using modified Henderson-Tilton’s formula.

†Due to TFT vaporization during drying period, the actual percent concentration at the time of testing is less than initial paper treatment percent indicated.

30-min KD and 24-hr mortality not observed in controls.