Table 5.
Author | Country | Study sample and protocol | Age of the sample at survey (years) | Gestational age at survey (weeks) | BMI at survey | Conclusions |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Fernandez et al.[17] | Spain | 367 women at the end of pregnancyNo control group | 31±7.0 | Median age 39 | 28±5.5 | High risk for OSA in 40%Higher prepregnancy BMI and higher maternal weight at survey were predictors of OSA risk |
Ko et al.[16] | Korea | 642 pregnant women59% were in the third trimesterNo control group | 32.3±3.8 (range 20-45) | 28.9±8.9 | - | High risk for OSAWhole group: 25.4%; 1st trimester: 17.2%; 2nd trimester: 21.1%3rd trimester: 28.8% |
Rice et al.[25] | Peru | 1032 pregnant womenNo control group | 28.6±6.2 (range 18-45) | Between 24 and 28 | - | The prevalence of high risk for OSA was 2.1%, 8.0%, and 25.7% for lean, overweight and obese study participants, respectively |
Karaduman et al.[31] | Turkey | 97 with chronic diseases and 160 healthyNo control group | 30.1±5.0 | - | 25.2±3.6 | The risk of OSA was20.6%-23.3% in the whole group10%-12.5% in healthy pregnant women34%-45.4% in pregnant with chronic diseasesHypertension and diabetes were predictors of OSA risk |
Jaimchariyatam et al.[30] | Thailand | 1345 pregnant womenNo control group | - | 18.1±3.29 | - | The risk for OSA was 10.1%The risk of OSA was significantly associated with prepregnancy BMI |
Ismail et al.[29] | India | 1000 pregnant womenNo control group | 28.12+4.07 (range 18-45) | - | 31.5+4.1 | 13.4% women were high risk for OSA |
Higgins et al.[18] | USA | 4074 women presenting for delivery, and a control nonpregnant women (n=490) | 18-45 | - | High risk for OSA was 33% versus 20%, in pregnant and nonpregnant women, respectively, P<0.001 | |
Antony et al.[28] | USA | 1157 were available for outcomes analysis | 28.8 | 24.71 | 29.76 | 15.5% screened positive on BQ |
Olivarez et al.[24] | USA | 220 pregnant women, 91% of them were Hispanic | High risk: 29.5 Low risk: 27.9 | 38.7(range 25.8-42) | BMIHigh risk: 26Low risk: 27 | High risk OSA in 25.4% |
Kapsimalis and Kryger[27] | USA | 150 pregnant women of a large survey of OSA risk in American women | - | - | - | 23% were found to have a high risk |
Current study | Saudi Arabia | 742 pregnant women and 742 age-matched controls | 29.4±5.6 (range: 16-45) | 27.6±9 (range: 3-44) | 29.8±6.1 | High risk for OSA 19.3% in cases and 16.6% in controls |
RLS=Restless legs syndrome, BMI=Body mass index, SD=Standard deviation, OSA=Obstructive sleep apnea