Table 1.
Age-standardized baseline characteristics of patients with multiple myelomaa
| NHS (1986; 233 women)a | HPFS (1988; 190 men)a | |
|---|---|---|
| Age at diagnosis, yearb | 69.6 (7.8) | 72.3 (9.2) |
| BMI at diagnosis, kg/m2 | 27.0 (5.8) | 26.5 (4.0) |
| Time between FFQ return and diagnosis, month | 25.1 (14.2) | 26.9 (14.9) |
| Comorbidity score, number of diseases | 1.0 (1.1) | 1.2 (1.3) |
| Diet intake | ||
| Calorie intake, kcal/d | 1665 (523) | 2027 (613) |
| Alcohol, g/d | 6.0 (10.4) | 9.9 (13.8) |
| Processed meat, servings/wk | 2.2 (2.3) | 2.9 (5.2) |
| Red meat, servings/wk | 4.4 (2.9) | 4.2 (2.9) |
| Poultry, serving/wk | 2.1 (1.5) | 2.8 (2.4) |
| Fish, serving/wk | 2.3 (1.8) | 3.2 (2.4) |
| Whole grain, serving/wk | 6.5 (7.3) | 10.2 (9.5) |
| Refined carbohydrates, servings/wk | 7.6 (6.0) | 8.9 (7.8) |
| Fruits, serving/wk | 10.2 (6.7) | 12.4 (9.0) |
| Vegetables, serving/wk | 16.3 (9.3) | 21.1 (14.5) |
| Nuts, serving/wk | 2.1 (3.1) | 2.7 (3.6) |
| Coffee, servings/wk | 16.0 (12.9) | 26.6 (19.3) |
| Sugar sweetened beverage, servings/wk | 1.9 (3.7) | 2.3 (3.9) |
Abbreviation: NHS, Nurses’ Health Study; HPFS, Health Professionals Follow-up Study; BMI, body mass index; FFQ, food frequency questionnaire.
a
Data were presented as mean (SD). Baseline years were defined from the application of a 2-year lag to the first years when food frequency questionnaires had sufficient data to derive the dietary patterns.
b
Age was not standardized.