Table 1.

Characteristics of 104 COVID-19 patients with and without interferon treatment

Characteristics	Unmatched group			Matched group
	Interferon (n=68)	Control (n=36)	P	Interferon (n=32)	Control (n=32)	P
Age (year)	53.0 (41.0–62.8)	60.5 (48.3–71.5)	0.057	55.0 (41.8–65.5)	61.5 (48.3–72.8)	0.242
Female sex	32 (47.1%)	10 (27.8%)	0.057	10 (31.3%)	10 (31.3%)	>0.999
Current smoker	4 (5.9%)	4 (11.1%)	0.443	2 (6.3%)	4 (12.5%)	0.672
Coexisting condition
Hypertension	19 (27.9%)	20 (55.6%)	0.006	13 (40.6%)	17 (53.1%)	0.316
Diabetes	5 (7.4%)	8 (22.2%)	0.057	4 (12.5%)	7 (21.9%)	0.320
Heart disease	6 (8.8%)	1 (2.8%)	0.417	3 (9.4%)	1 (3.1%)	0.613
COPD	4 (5.9%)	0	0.296	2 (6.3%)	0	0.492
Chronic renal disease	1 (1.5%)	1 (2.8%)	>0.999	1 (3.1%)	1 (3.1%)	>0.999
Travelled to Wuhan	16 (23.5%)	12 (33.3%)	0.284	9 (28.1%)	9 (28.1%)	>0.999
Symptoms
Fever	61 (89.7%)	33 (91.7%)	>0.999	29 (0.7%)	30 (93.8%)	>0.999
Cough	43 (63.2%)	22 (61.1%)	0.831	23 (71.9%)	20 (62.5%)	0.424
Sputum production	27 (39.7%)	15 (41.7%)	0.846	15 (46.9%)	15 (46.9%)	>0.999
Myalgia	17 (25.0%)	3 (8.3%)	0.040	3 (9.4%)	3 (9.4%)	>0.999
Dyspnea	6 (8.8%)	9 (25.0%)	0.025	3 (9.4%)	9 (28.1%)	0.055
Headache	11 (16.2%)	3 (8.3%)	0.370	2 (6.3%)	3 (9.4%)	>0.999
Diarrhea	3 (4.4%)	7 (19.4%)	0.030	1 (3.1%)	6 (18.8%)	0.104
Nausea/vomiting	3 (4.4%)	4 (11.1%)	0.232	2 (6.3%)	4 (12.5%)	0.672
Hemoptysis	0	2 (5.6%)	0.118	0	2 (6.3%)	0.492
Onset to (d)
Outpatient clinic	2 (0–5)	2 (1–5)	0.605	3 (0–5)	2 (1–5)	>0.999
Sputum PCR positive	6 (3–9)	6 (3–9)	0.595	7 (3–10)	6 (3–9)	0.348
Admission	5 (3–7)	5 (1–7)	0.497	6 (3–10)	6 (1–7)	0.173

Data are presented as median (interquartile range (IQR)) or number (percentage). P values denoted the comparison between the interferon group and the control group. COVID-19: coronavirus disease 2019; COPD: chronic obstructive pulmonary disease