Table 1.
Baseline characteristics for the two study groups.
| Non-PSCI group (n = 38) | PSCI group (n = 66) | Univariate analysis P-value | Logistic regression P-value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Demographics | ||||
| Age, years (mean ± SD) | 64.3 ± 11.8 | 63.8 ± 8.6 | 0.823 | |
| Sex, female (%) | 10 (26.3) | 24 (36.4) | 0.293 | |
| Education, years (median ± IQR) | 11 ± 6 | 6 ± 7 | <0.0001* | 0.022* |
| Cardiovascular risk factors | ||||
| Hypertension (%) | 27 (71.1) | 46 (69.7) | 0.884 | |
| Diabetes mellitus (%) | 10 (26.3) | 28 (42.4) | 0.1 | |
| Hyperlipidemia (%) | 15 (39.5) | 33 (50) | 0.3 | |
| Atrial fibrillation (%) | 3 (7.9) | 2 (3.0) | 0.352 | |
| Smoking history (%) | 19 (50) | 34 (51.5) | 0.882 | |
| BMI, kg/m2 (mean ± SD) | 23.5 ± 2.7 | 25.0 ± 2.7 | 0.006* | 0.038* |
| Lesion location | 0.552 | |||
| Left hemisphere (%) | 6 (15.8) | 11 (16.7) | ||
| Right hemisphere (%) | 11 (28.9) | 14 (21.2) | ||
| Corpus callosum (%) | 0 (0) | 2 (3.0) | ||
| Basal ganglia (%) | 9 (23.7) | 8 (12.1) | ||
| Thalamus (%) | 4 (10.5) | 8 (12.1) | ||
| Brainstem (%) | 5 (13.2) | 16 (24.2) | ||
| Cerebellum (%) | 3 (7.9) | 7 (10.6) | ||
| Stroke severity | ||||
| Baseline NIHSS score (median ± IQR) | 1 ± 2 | 1 ± 2 | 0.768 | |
| Baseline mRS score (median ± IQR) | 2 ± 2 | 2 ± 2 | 0.103 | |
| Cognitive screening tests | ||||
| Baseline MMSE score (median ± IQR) | 29 ± 2 | 26 ± 3 | <0.0001* | 0.349 |
| Baseline MoCA score (mean ± SD) | 25.0 ± 2.7 | 20.1 ± 4.4 | <0.0001* | 0.016* |
| Laboratory tests | ||||
| HbA1c, % (median ± IQR) | 6.0 ± 0.8 | 6.3 ± 2 | 0.098 | 0.112 |
| Homocysteine, μmol/L (median ± IQR) | 13.3 ± 4.6 | 12.4 ± 3.9 | 0.357 | |
| APOE ε4-positive (%) | 6 (15.8) | 11 (16.7) | 0.907 |
SD, standard deviation; IQR, interquartile range; BMI, body mass index; NIHSS, National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale; mRS, modified Rankin Scale; MMSE, Mini-Mental State Examination; MoCA, Montreal Cognitive Assessment; HbA1c, glycosylated hemoglobin; *P < 0.05.