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. 2020 Aug 12;10:13643. doi: 10.1038/s41598-020-70568-z

Table 1.

The comparison of ZSM-5 (H-ZSM-5 and silicalite-1 catalysts) in butene cracking reaction.

Year Catalyst name Reaction condition Butenes conversion (%) Propylene yield (%) References
2020 Na-ZSM-5 (SiO2/Al2O3 = 20)

Temperature = 500 °C,

WHSV = 3 h−1 (C4H8:N2 = 65:35)

 73.40a 26.58a This study
2005

H-ZSM-5

(Si/Al2 = 50)

Temperature = 620 °C,

WHSV = 3.5 h−1 (Pure 1-butene (> 99.5%))

  ~ 98b  ~ 12b 2
2005

H-ZSM-5

(Si/Al2 = 50)

Temperature = 620 °C,

WHSV = 3.5 h−1 (Pure 1-butene (> 99.5%))

  ~ 90c  ~ 20c 46
2007 H-ZSM-5 (SiO2/Al2O3 = 40)

Temperature = 600 °C,

WHSV = 3.2 h−1 (C4-olefin feed mixtures)

  ~ 84d  ~ 23d 6
2009

H-ZSM-5

(Si/Al = 35)

Temperature = 530 °C,

WHSV = 13 h−1 (C4H8:N2 = 3:1)

 98.70e 2.10e 47
2011 H-ZSM-5 (SiO2/Al2O3 = 26)

Temperature = 510 °C,

WHSV = 3.5 h−1 (C4H8:C4H10 = 0.48:0.52)

  ~ 98f.  ~ 15f. 48
2014

H-ZSM-5

(Si/Al2 = 23)

Temperature = 500 °C

GHSV = 900 h−1 (C4H8:N2 = 1:5)

 99.90 g 0.40 g 39
2014

H-ZSM-5

(Si/Al2 = 80)

Temperature = 500 °C

GHSV = 900 h−1 (C4H8:N2 = 1:5)

 96.20 g 10.20 g 39
2014

H-ZSM-5

(Si/Al2 = 280)

Temperature = 500 °C

GHSV = 900 h−1 (C4H8:N2 = 1:5)

 88.80 g 20.25 g 39
2014 Silicalite-1

Temperature = 500 °C

GHSV = 900 h−1 (C4H8:N2 = 1:5)

 66.70 g 20.08 g 39
2015

H-ZSM-5

(Si/Al2 = 50)

Temperature = 550 °C,

WHSV = 5 h−1 (Pure 1-butene (> 99.5%))

  ~ 90 h  ~ 18 h 49
2017 H-ZSM-5 (SiO2/Al2O3 = 30)

Temperature = 500 °C,

Space time = 0.32 g catalyst*h*(molC) −1 (90 vol% 1-butene in He)

  ~ 98i  ~ 15i 50
2017 Steamed H-ZSM-5 at 500 °C (SiO2/Al2O3 = 30)

Temperature = 500 °C,

Space time = 0.32 g catalyst*h*(molC) −1 (90 vol% 1-butene in He)

  ~ 90i  ~ 25i 50

*Note: a The value at 50 min of TOS, b The value at 2 min of TOS, c The value at 1 h of TOS, d The initial value, e The value at 40 min of TOS, f The value at 8.5 h of TOS, g The value at 1 h of TOS, h The value at 2 h of TOS, and i The value at 0 min of TOS.