Table 3.
Group and Sex Differences among Study Variables
| 3 Group Comparisons | PI | FC | NA | |||
| M (SD) | M (SD) | M (SD) | df | F | Pairwise Comparisons | |
| Externalizing Symptoms | 0.31 (0.22) | 0.30 (0.19) | 0.23 (0.18) | 2, 165 | 2.01+ | PI>NA+ |
| ADHD Symptoms | 0.82 (0.44) | 0.75 (0.33) | 0.60 (0.32) | 2, 167 | 4.97** | PI>NA** |
| Internalizing Symptoms | 0.28 (0.17) | 0.30 (0.18) | 0.25 (0.20) | 2,168 | 0.99 | ns |
| ERN | 0.22 (4.05) | −1.27 (3.85) | 0.89 (3.92) | 2, 101 | 2.14 | ns |
| CRN | 1.89 (2.98) | 0.87 (3.00) | 2.67 (3.45) | 2, 101 | 2.27 | ns |
| Go Accuracy | 0.79 (0.14) | 0.86 (0.92) | 0.85 (0.11) | 2, 160 | 6.89 | FC>PI**; NA>PI** |
| NoGo Accuracy | 0.55 (0.17) | 0.57 (0.18) | 0.53 (0.17) | 2, 160 | 0.63 | ns |
| Go Reaction Time | 657.80 (116.01) | 647.26 (81.89) | 648.93 (93.10) | 2, 159 | 0.18 | ns |
| NoGo Incorrect Reaction Time | 579.79 (142.44) | 542.29 (66.49) | 551.51 (88.24) | 2, 159 | 1.79 | ns |
| Age of child at data collection | 61.55 (1.69) | 63.63 (2.50) | 61.91 (1.89) | 2, 169 | 16.29*** | FC>NA,PI*** |
| Clean incorrect no-go trials | 14.77 (10.00) | 13.67 (13.67) | 13.80 (8.94) | 2, 158 | 0.23 | ns |
| Clean correct go trials | 68.59 (44.54) | 69.74 (45.22) | 67.58 (44.59) | 2,158 | 0.03 | ns |
| df | t | T-tests | ||||
| Duration of out-of-home placement in months | 19.09 (7.75) | 8.84 (1.75) | --- | 86.54 | 10.97 | PI>FC*** |
| Number of pre-adoptive care settings | 2.56 (0.89) | 2.59 (0.79) | --- | 120 | −0.17 | ns |
| Sex Comparisons | Female | Male | ||||
| M (SD) | M (SD) | df | t | T-tests | ||
| Externalizing Symptoms | 0.27 (0.22) | 0.29 (0.19) | 166 | −0.74 | ns | |
| ADHD Symptoms | 0.68 (0.38) | 0.79 (0.39) | 168 | −1.98 | M>F* | |
| Internalizing Symptoms | 0.25 (0.15) | 0.31 (0.21) | 158 | −2.19 | M>F* | |
| ERN | 0.44 (3.80) | −0.43 (4.20) | 102 | 1.11 | ns | |
| CRN | 2.28 (3.05) | 1.38 (3.21) | 102 | 1.47 | ns | |
| Go Accuracy | 0.82 (0.13) | 0.83 (0.12) | 161 | −0.76 | ns | |
| NoGo Accuracy | 0.60 (0.15) | 0.51 (0.17) | 161 | 3.38 | F>M** | |
| Go Reaction Time | 674.46 (94.10) | 633.09 (103.71) | 160 | 2.65 | F>M** | |
| NoGo Incorrect Reaction Time | 575.99 (120.73) | 549.28 (104.22) | 160 | 1.51 | ns | |
| Age of child at data collection | 61.86 (1.81) | 62.49 (2.40) | 170 | −1.92 | M>F+ | |
| Artifact-free trials in ERP waveforms locked to erred No-Go responses | 13.76 (9.10) | 14.64 (10.12) | 157 | −0.58 | ns | |
| Artifact-free trials in ERP waveforms locked to correct Go responses | 70.96 (43.04) | 66.30 (45.97) | 157 | 0.66 | ns | |
| Duration of out-of-home placement in months | 15.97 (8.10) | 14.78 (7.89) | 116 | 0.81 | ns | |
| Number of pre-adoptive care settings | 2.42 (0.86) | 2.71 (0.83) | 120 | −1.90 | ns | |
Note.
+
p<0.07,
*
p<.05,
**
p<.01,
***
p<.001.