Table 7.
Organ | Species | Diabetic model | Nucleot(s)ide/stimuli | Purinergic receptor | Vascular effect | Reference |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
HUVECs | Human | GDP | A1R, A2BR | ADO↑ | [19,20] | |
High glucose | ATP, UTP | P2X4R, P2X7R | Inflammatory genes↑; ROS↑; NO↓ | [22,96] | ||
Monocytes | Human | Type 2 diabetic patients | P2X7R | Plasma C-reactive protein↑ | [99] | |
Aorta SMCs | Mouse | High glucose | UTP | P2Y2R, P2Y6R | NFAT↑ | [97] |
ADO: adenosine; GDP: gestational diabetic pregnancy; HUVECs: human umbilical endothelial cells; NFAT: nuclear factor of activated T-cells; NO: nitric oxide; ROS: reactive oxygen species; ↑: increased effect; ↓: decreased effect.