Table 4.

Summary of cocaine use disorder.

Cocaine Common routes of administration  Smoking  Insufflation  Intravenous injection Adverse effects  Cardiac  Myocardial ischemia  Cardiomyopathy  Prolonged QTc interval  Arrhythmias  Sinus bradycardia  Pulmonary  Reactive airway disease  Tracheal stenosis  Pneumothorax  Pneumomediastinum  Pulmonary edema  ‘Crack lung’  Neurologic  Seizures  Transient loss of consciousness  Stroke, ischemic and hemorrhagic  Renal  Rhabdomyolysis  Acute renal failure  Gastrointestinal  Gastrointestinal bleeding  Ischemic colitis  Obstruction and perforation in ‘body packers’  Psychiatric  Transient hallucinations  Paranoia  Aggression  Agitation  Stereotyped behavior  Other  Chronic rhinitis  Erosion dental enamel  Perforated nasal septum Management  Supportive  See Table 5for cocaine-induced acute coronary syndrome Withdrawal  Rarely medically serious  Depression  Anxiety  Inability to concentrate  Increased appetite