Table 1.
Comparison of the clinical, laboratory and radiological characteristics among the patients with different SARS-CoV-2 neutralizing antibody titers.
| SARS-CoV-2 neutralizing antibody titers |
||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| All (n = 49) | ＜1:80 (n = 32) | ≥1:80 (n = 17) | p value | |
| Demographics and clinical characteristics | ||||
| Age, years | 37 (30.0–54.5) | 35.5 (27.0–49.8) | 49 (33.0–59.0) | 0.047* |
| ≥60 | 7 (14.3) | 3 (9.4) | 4 (23.5) | 0.358 |
| Sex | … | … | … | 0.153 |
| Female | 22 (44.9) | 12 (37.5) | 10 (58.8) | … |
| Male | 27 (55.1) | 20 (62.5) | 7 (41.2) | … |
| Currently smoking | 4 (8.2) | 4 (12.5) | 0 (0) | 0.331 |
| Comorbidity | 11 (22.4) | 4 (12.5) | 7 (41.2) | 0.054 |
| Hypertension | 6 (12.2) | 2 (6.3) | 4 (23.5) | 0.194 |
| Diabetes | 1 (2.0) | 0 (0) | 1 (5.9) | 0.347 |
| Other | 5 (10.2) | 2 (6.3) | 3 (17.6) | 0.448 |
| At the time of admission | ||||
| White blood cell count, ×109 /L | 4.7 (3.91–5.49) | 4.71 (4.04–5.50) | 4.43 (3.38–5.55) | 0.674 |
| < 4 | 13 (26.5) | 7 (21.9) | 6 (35.3) | 0.501 |
| Lymphocyte count, × 109 /L | 1.47 (1.01–1.92) | 1.56 (1.16–2.02) | 1.16 (0.91–1.58) | 0.071 |
| < 0·8 | 6 (12.2) | 4 (12.5) | 2 (11.8) | 1 |
| Lactate dehydrogenase, IU/L | 203.0 (154–252) | 180.5 (148–227.3) | 247 (170–293) | 0.017* |
| >245 | 15 (30.6) | 6 (18.8) | 9 (52.9) | 0.013* |
| C-reactive protein, mg/L | 8.1 (1.43–21.5) | 4.95 (0.60–12.87) | 21 (5.37–30.19) | 0.016* |
| >10 | 21 (42.9) | 10 (31.3) | 11 (64.7) | 0.024* |
| D-dimer, μg/L | 0.20 (0.14-0.32) | 0.19 (0.11-0.32) | 0.25 (0.16-0.35) | 0.280 |
| > 0.55 | 7 (14.3) | 4 (12.5) | 3 (17.6) | 0.951 |
| Viral load (Ct value) | 32 (27.5–36.0) | 32 (25.3–36) | 32 (29.5–38.5) | 0.416 |
| CT score | 4 (1.5–6) | 4 (1–5) | 5 (3–8.5) | 0.020* |
| Treatments during hospitalization | ||||
| Lopinavir/ritonavir or darunavir/cobicistat | 46 (93.9) | 31 (96.9) | 15 (88.2) | 0.565 |
| Arbidol | 24 (49.0) | 14 (43.8) | 10 (58.8) | 0.315 |
| Corticosteroids | 12 (24.5) | 8 (25.0) | 4 (23.5) | 1.0 |
| Intravenous immunoglobulin | 22 (44.9) | 14 (43.8) | 8 (47.1) | 0.825 |
| At the time of follow-up | ||||
| Time from illness onset, days | 43.0 (36.0–50.0) | 44.0 (39.0–51.0) | 40.0 (29.0–46.0) | 0.035* |
| Time from viral clearance, days | 27.0 (20.5–37) | 34.5 (21.0–37.8) | 24 (20.0–28.0) | 0.085 |
| Time from discharge, days | 17.0 (15.0–33.0) | 30.0 (16.0–34.0) | 15.0 (14.0–17.0) | 0.002* |
| White blood cell count, ×109 /L | 5.77 (5.16–6.92) | 5.54 (5.11–6.87) | 5.82 (5.46–7.31) | 0.419 |
| < 4 | 1 (2.0) | 1 (3.1) | 0 (0) | 1 |
| Lymphocyte count, × 109 /L | 1.74 (1.38–2.04) | 1.76 (1.48–2.19) | 1.59 (1.28–1.91) | 0.143 |
| < 0·8 | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | … |
| Lactate dehydrogenase, IU/L | 179 (145.6–209.0) | 173.0 (142.3–195.8) | 193.0 (158.5–237.5) | 0.081 |
| >245 | 5 (10.2) | 3 (9.4) | 2 (11.8) | 1 |
| C-reactive protein, mg/L | 0.72 (0.18–1.73) | 0.70 (0.22–1.41) | 0.73 (0.07–3.27) | 0.779 |
| >10 | 2 (4.1) | 1 (3.1) | 1 (5.9) | 1 |
| D-dimer, μg/L | 0.22 (0.19-0.37) | 0.19 (0.19-0.35) | 0.29 (0.19-0.72) | 0.131 |
| > 0.55 | 10 (20.4) | 5 (15.6) | 5 (29.4) | 0.443 |
| CD4 T-cell count, cells/uL | 699 (490–829) | 716 (533–916) | 670 (446–783) | 0.150 |
| CD4 T-cell percentage, % | 35.0 (31.0–39.0) | 34.5 (30.3–40.0) | 35.0 (33.0–38.0) | 0.825 |
| CD8 T-cell count, cells/uL | 560 (376–667) | 557 (383–695) | 560 (361–631) | 0.644 |
| CD8 T-cell percentage, % | 27.0 (21.0–30.5) | 25.0 (21.0–30.0) | 27.0 (22.0–33.5) | 0.366 |
| CD4/CD8 ratio | 1.32 (0.95–1.92) | 1.35 (1.01–1.97) | 1.31 (0.84–1.86) | 0.529 |
| B cell count, cells/uL | 179 (123–266) | 196 (130–287) | 158 (108–189) | 0.057 |
| B cell percentage, % | 9.5 (7.5–12.8) | 9.9 (7.7–13.4) | 7.9 (6.5–10.6) | 0.071 |
Data were expressed as median (IQR, interquartile ranges), or n (%, n/N). Comparison between groups was done using Mann-Whitney U test, Chi-Square test or Fisher’s exact test, as appropriate.
*
indicated p＜0.05.