Table 2.
Wireless sensor network components.
| Parts/manufacturer | Function | Node |
|---|---|---|
| PM Sensor/Shinyei (Japan) | Measures PM2.5 in μg m−3 | 1, 2, 3, 4 |
| Cairclip/Cairpol (France) | Measures NO2/ O3 in ppb | 1, 2, 3, 4 |
| SM50/Aeroqual (New Zealand) | Measured O3 in ppm | 1, 4 |
| AM2315 temperature & humidity sensor/Aosong (China) | Temperature and humidity reading | 1, 2, 3, 4 |
| Arduino Mega 2560 microprocessor/Smart Projects (Italy) | On-board processing of data and transmission | 1, 2, 3, 4 |
| A09-Y11NF XBee antenna/ Digi International (Minnetonka, MN, USA) |
900 MHz directional wireless communication to base station via ZigBee network protocol | 1, 2, 3, 4 |
| A09-F5NF-M-ND XBee antenna/ Digi International (Minnetonka, MN, USA) |
900 MHz omnidirectional wireless communication via ZigBee network protocol | base |
| Solar panel and battery – SPM110P-FSW, SolarTech 55 Ah batterya/SolarTech (Ontario, CA, USA) |
Rechargeable power for system | 1 |
| Solar panel and battery –SPM055P-F, SolarTech 35 Ah batterya/SolarTech (Ontario, CA, USA) | Rechargeable power for system | 2, 3 |
| Airlink® GX440 cellular modem/Sierra (Canada) | Transmission of data to server | base |
a
A larger solar-power system was utilized for node 1, supporting the inclusion of the SM50 ozone sensor. The other location that included the sensor, node 4, was operated on land power.