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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2021 Sep 1.
Published in final edited form as: Child Youth Serv Rev. 2020 Jul 2;116:105218. doi: 10.1016/j.childyouth.2020.105218

Figure 2.

Figure 2.

Associations between parenting stress, responsiveness, child prosocial behavior and child behavior problems. Mothers’ and fathers’ pathways are constrained, except for pathways from predicting child behavior problems. Dotted lines indicate pathways where p > .05.

Note: Coefficients are standardized. Model controls for parental depression, race, education, age, number of biological children, child sex, treatment group, income-to-poverty ratio, marital, and residential status.

N = 1,173 *p < .05, **p < .01, ***p < .001

CFI: 1.00, RMSEA: 0.00; SRMR: 0.00. Indirect effect, prosocial behavior, mothers and fathers: b = −0.01, SE = 0.00, p = .007, bootstrapped 95% CI [−0.014, −0.002]. Indirect effect, child behavior problems: mothers: b = 0.003, SE = 0.00, p = .065, bootstrapped 95% CI [0.00, 0.006] fathers: b = 0.00, SE = 0.00, p = .827, 95% CI [−0.002, 0.002].