To induce BPH, all rats were daily received TP injection (5 mg/kg, S.C.), except for the control group along with appropriate drugs (finasteride, saw palmetto, SC extract) orally for 4 weeks. Serum testosterone and DHT levels were evaluated using an ELISA assay. Western blotting was performed to assay AR and PSA, the BPH-related protein expressions. (A) The serum concentrations of testosterone. (B) The serum concentrations of DHT. (C) Western blot analysis of prostatic AR and PSA. (D, E) Relative densitometry evolution of AR and PSA, the western blot data. Abbreviations: Control (PBS, P.O.), BPH (5 mg/kg TP, S.C. + PBS, P.O.), Fina (5 mg/kg TP, S.C. + finasteride 10 mg/kg, P.O.), Saw (5 mg/kg TP, S.C. + saw palmetto 100 mg/kg, P.O.), SC 50 (5 mg/kg TP, S.C. + SC extract 50 mg/kg, P.O.). Data are expressed as the means ± SD (n = 6). ## p < 0.01 versus control group; ### p < 0.001 versus control group * p < 0.05 versus BPH group; ** p < 0.01 versus BPH group; *** p < 0.001 versus BPH group.