Table 1. Pathways contributing to cortical synaptic plasticity.

(A) Experimental evidence on the requirement of various molecular species for specific types of synaptic regulation in different cortical areas. (B) Model components needed for describing the modes of plasticity listed in (A). References are made to previous computational models describing these pathways. The types of phosphorylation of AMPAR subunit that mediate the plasticity are printed in bold.

(A)
Pathway components	Type of neurons	Type of regulation	Pre-/post-synaptic	References
CaMKII	Cingulate cortex	Esophageal acid-induced sensitisation	post-syn.	Banerjee et al., 2013
CaMKII	Prefrontal cortex, pyramidal neurons	5-HT1-induced modulation of AMPA currents	post-syn.	Cai et al., 2002
$\beta$-adr. receptors, PKA	Visual cortex, layer 4 pyramidal cells	Potentiation of AMPA currents	post-syn.	Seol et al., 2007
M1 receptors, PKC	Visual cortex, layer 4 pyramidal cells	Depression of AMPA currents	post-syn.	Seol et al., 2007
D1–PKA	Prefrontal cortex, pyramidal neurons	Potentiation of AMPA currents	post-syn.	Sun et al., 2005
$\beta$-adr. receptors	Frontal cortex	Potentiation of field EPSPs	n/a	Sáez-Briones et al., 2015
PKC	Cultured cortical neurons	Internalisation of AMPARs	post-syn.	Chung et al., 2000
ERK	Visual cortex	Potentiation of field EPSPs	n/a	Di Cristo et al., 2001
(B)
Molecular pathway	Cell type and references
Ca2+ → CaM → CaMKII	Hippocampal CA1 neuron Bhalla and Iyengar, 1999; Jȩdrzejewska-Szmek et al., 2017, generic Hayer and Bhalla, 2005,
	cerebellar Purkinje cells Gallimore et al., 2018, striatal spiny projection neuron Blackwell et al., 2019
CaMKII → GluR1 S831p	Hippocampal CA1 neuron Jȩdrzejewska-Szmek et al., 2017
$\beta$-adrenergic receptors → cAMP	Hippocampal CA1 neuron Jȩdrzejewska-Szmek et al., 2017
cAMP → PKA	Hippocampal CA1 neuron Bhalla and Iyengar, 1999; Jȩdrzejewska-Szmek et al., 2017, cerebellar Purkinje
	cells Gallimore et al., 2018
PKA → GluR1 S845p	Hippocampal CA1 neuron Jȩdrzejewska-Szmek et al., 2017
M1 receptors → PLC	Cerebellar Purkinje cells Gallimore et al., 2018
PLC → PKC	Hippocampal CA1 neuron Bhalla and Iyengar, 1999, striatal spiny projection neuron
	Kim et al., 2013; Blackwell et al., 2019
	cerebellar Purkinje cells Kotaleski et al., 2002; Gallimore et al., 2018
PKC → GluR2 S880p	Cerebellar Purkinje cells Gallimore et al., 2018