Table 3.
Masticatory muscle activity (MMA), orofacial activity (OFA), and other muscle activity (OMA) indices and statistical comparison to polysomnography (PSG) with audio and video
| Variable | All events | Sleep-time events only |
|---|---|---|
| MMA index | ||
| 1 channel EMG | 6.6 [4.0–10.3]*** | 3.0 [1.6–6.3]*** |
| 2 channels EMG | 5.3 [3.6–8.0]*** | 2.2 [1.3–5.1]*** |
| 3 out of 4 channels EMG | 5.4 [3.7–7.7]*** | 1.9 [1.5–4.8]*** |
| PSG, no audio or video (PSG-N) | 1.1 ± 0.3 | 0.9 ± 0.2 |
| FES with audio (FES-A) | 1.1 ± 0.2† | 0.9 ± 0.2 |
| PSG with audio (PSG-A) | 0.9 ± 0.3 | 0.7 ± 0.3 |
| PSG with audio and video (PSG-AV) | 0.9 ± 0.3 | 0.8 ± 0.3 |
| OFA index | ||
| PSG, no audio or video (PSG-N) | 0 [0–0.3]*** | 0 [0–0.3]*** |
| FES with audio (FES-A) | 1.2 [0.6–2.0]*** | 0.4 [0.1–0.8]** |
| PSG with audio (PSG-A) | 1.1 [0.6–2.3]** | 0.5 [0.1–1.3]** |
| PSG with audio and video (PSG-AV) | 2.0 [1.1–4.6] | 1.2 [0.4–3.1] |
| OMA index | ||
| PSG, no audio or video (PSG-N) | 6.0 [4.7–9.5]*** | 3.2 [1.6–5.0]*** |
| FES with audio (FES-A) | 6.7 [4.2–12.1]** | 3.5 [2.0–8.7]* |
| PSG with audio (PSG-A) | 8.2 [4.3–11.6]** | 4.1 [1.6–6.7]*** |
| PSG with audio and video (PSG-AV) | 8.1 [5.0–12.4] | 5 [2.2–8.0] |
Data presented as median [25th percentile–75th percentile] (for non-normally distributed variables) or mean ± standard deviation (for normally distributed variables)
MMA masticatory muscle activity, EMG electromyography, PSG polysomnography, FES frontal electrode set, OFA orofacial activity, OMA other muscle activity
*p ≤ 0.05, **p ≤ 0.01, ***p ≤ 0.001 (Wilcoxon signed-rank test, comparison to PSG with audio and video)
†p ≤ 0.05 (paired samples t test, comparison to PSG with audio and video)