Table 2.
Per patient per year healthcare resource utilization by diagnosis category (unadjusted analysis)
| No-CVD/CVRF cohort (n = 4445) | CVRF cohort (n = 5371) | P value/SMD (CVRF vs. No-CVD/CVRF cohort) | CVD cohort (n = 2871) | P value/SMD (CVD vs. No-CVD/CVRF cohort) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| All-cause | |||||
| Inpatient admissions, n (%) | 350 (8) | 577 (11) | < 0.001/0.087 | 760 (27) | < 0.001/0.398* |
| Length of stay in days, mean (SD) | 0.5 (5.0) | 1.3 (8.1) | < 0.001/0.114* | 4.9 (16.6) | < 0.001/0.352* |
| ED visits, n (%) | 447 (10) | 772 (14) | < 0.001/0.107* | 756 (26) | < 0.001/0.333* |
| Outpatient physician visits, mean (SD)a | 3.5 (3.6) | 5.0 (5.1) | < 0.001/0.330* | 8.1 (7.6) | < 0.001/0.760* |
| Prescription claims, mean (SD)b | 25.9 (19.3) | 42.3 (29.3) | < 0.001/0.663* | 64.7 (45.6) | < 0.001/1.112* |
| Diabetes-related | |||||
| Inpatient admissions, n (%) | 338 (8) | 560 (10) | < 0.001/0.095 | 739 (26) | < 0.001/0.415* |
| Length of stay in days, mean (SD) | 0.5 (4.8) | 1.3 (7.8) | < 0.001/0.115* | 4.7 (16.3) | < 0.001/0.347* |
| ED visits, n (%) | 156 (4) | 379 (7) | < 0.001/0.113* | 525 (18) | < 0.001/0.301* |
| Outpatient physician visits, mean (SD)a | 1.8 (2.0) | 2.5 (2.7) | < 0.001/0.282* | 3.6 (3.8) | < 0.001/0.585* |
| Prescription claims, mean (SD)b | 8.0 (5.2) | 8.4 (6.2) | < 0.001/0.072 | 8.8 (7.8) | < 0.001/0.121* |
CVD cardiovascular disease, CVRF cardiovascular risk factors, ED emergency department, SD standard deviation, SMD standardized mean difference
*Significant difference P < 0.05 and SMD ≥ 0.1
aFor all-cause, n (%): 3672 (83%), 4621 (86%), and 2493 (87%) patients in the no-CVD/CVRF, CVRF, and CVD cohorts, respectively; for diabetes-related, n (%): 2994 (67%), 3981 (74%), and 2215 (77%) patients in the no-CVD/CVRF, CVRF, and CVD cohorts, respectively
bFor all-cause, n (%): 4445 (100%), 5371 (100%), and 2871 (100%) patients in the no-CVD/CVRF, CVRF, and CVD cohorts, respectively; for diabetes-related, n (%): 4393 (99%), 5278 (98%), and 2803 (98%) patients in the no-CVD/CVRF, CVRF, and CVD cohorts, respectively