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. 2020 Aug 7;11:1949. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.01949

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Copyright © 2020 Shah, Firmal, Alam, Ganguly and Chattopadhyay.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Schematic representation of the coronavirus structure and genomic comparison of coronaviruses. (A) Representation of coronavirus showing different components of the particle, which is 100–160 nm in diameter. The single-stranded RNA (ssRNA) genome, covered with the envelope and membrane proteins, gains access into the host cell and hijacks the replication machinery. (B) The ssRNA of SARS-CoV-2 is about 30 kb and has similarities with the genomes of SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV. Translation of this ssRNA results in the formation of two polyproteins, namely pp1a and pp1ab, that are further sliced to generate numerous non-structural proteins (NSPs). The remaining ORFs encode for various structural and accessory proteins that help in assembly of the viral particle and evading immune response.