Table 2.
Seemingly unrelated logistic regression.
| PTSS | Depression | Anxiety | Perceived Stress | Insomnia | ADS | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| OR [95%CI] | OR [95%CI] | OR [95%CI] | OR [95%CI] | OR [95%CI] | OR [95%CI] | |
| Age§ | 1.49*** [1.39,1.60] | 1.55*** [1.42,1.69] | 1.72*** [1.59,1.87] | 1.76*** [1.62,1.90] | 1.01 [0.97,1.05] | 1.05 [0.75,1.47] |
| Gender | ||||||
| Men | 1.00 (ref) | |||||
| Women | 2.12*** [1.94,2.31] | 1.39*** [1.24,1.56] | 1.77*** [1.59,1.97] | 2.06*** [1.85,2.30] | 1.50*** [1.26,1.78] | 1.64*** [1.45,1.84] |
| Region | ||||||
| North | 1.00 (ref) | |||||
| Centre | 0.93 [0.86,1.01] | 0.87* [0.78,0.97] | 0.90* [0.82,1.00] | 0.90* [0.82,0.99] | 0.9 [0.77,1.05] | 0.91 [0.81,1.02] |
| South | 1.36*** [1.26,1.47] | 1.25*** [1.13,1.37] | 1.29*** [1.18,1.41] | 1.20*** [1.10,1.32] | 1.41*** [1.24,1.62] | 0.95 [0.85,1.06] |
| COVID-19-Related Stressful Event | 1.46*** [1.37,1.56] | 1.58*** [1.45,1.72] | 1.64*** [1.51,1.78] | 1.82*** [1.68,1.97] | 1.58*** [1.40,1.79] | n.a. n.a. |
| Currently On Quarantine | 1.74** [1.21,2.49] | 1.49 [0.98,2.26] | 1.52* [1.05,2.22] | 1.42 [0.97,2.07] | 1.23 [0.69,2.18] | 2.28*** [1.44,3.61] |
| Working Activity Change | ||||||
| As Usual | 1.00 (ref) | |||||
| Smart-Working | 1.01 [0.91,1.12] | 0.99 [0.86,1.14] | 0.97 [0.85,1.10] | 1.02 [0.90,1.15] | 0.9 [0.74,1.10] | 1.07 [0.91,1.25] |
| Discontinued | 1.15** [1.05,1.27] | 1.40*** [1.23,1.59] | 1.16* [1.03,1.31] | 1.19** [1.06,1.34] | 1.22* [1.03,1.46] | 1.1 [0.95,1.28] |
| More Than Usual | 1.42*** [1.18,1.71] | 1.26 [0.98,1.63] | 1.25 [1.00,1.57] | 1.71*** [1.38,2.12] | 1.29 [0.93,1.80] | 1.39* [1.04,1.87] |
| Loved One’s Condition | ||||||
| None | 1.00 (ref) | |||||
| Infected | 1.22* [1.05,1.42] | 1.05 [0.87,1.28] | 0.91 [0.75,1.10] | 0.88 [0.73,1.05] | 1.02 [0.77,1.35] | 0.96 [0.79,1.17] |
| Deceased | 1.68*** [1.30,2.16] | 1.41* [1.03,1.93] | 1.22 [0.91,1.65] | 1.34* [1.01,1.78] | 1.74** [1.18,2.54] | 1.21 [0.87,1.68] |
| Hospitalized | 1.22 [1.00,1.48] | 1.09 [0.84,1.41] | 1.25 [0.99,1.57] | 1.1 [0.87,1.39] | 1.1 [0.76,1.60] | 1.16 [0.91,1.49] |
| In A Relationship | 1.14*** [1.06,1.22] | 0.92 [0.84,1.00] | 1.11* [1.02,1.22] | 1.11* [1.02,1.21] | 1.08 [0.94,1.23] | 1.07 [0.97,1.19] |
| Education | ||||||
| ≥Postgraduate | 1.00 (ref) | |||||
| ≤Undergraduate | 1.12** [1.04,1.20] | 1.30*** [1.19,1.43] | 1.28*** [1.18,1.39] | 1.25*** [1.15,1.36] | 1.31*** [1.15,1.50] | 1.05 [0.95,1.16] |
| Lower Education | 1.25*** [1.11,1.41] | 1.62*** [1.40,1.87] | 1.51*** [1.32,1.74] | 1.47*** [1.28,1.69] | 1.76*** [1.46,2.13] | 1.21* [1.01,1.44] |
| Occupation | ||||||
| Employed | 1.00 (ref) | |||||
| Homemaker | 1.28*** [1.11,1.47] | 1.35** [1.12,1.63] | 1.31** [1.11,1.55] | 1.21* [1.03,1.44] | 1.39** [1.11,1.74] | 1.05 [0.83,1.32] |
| Unemployed | 1.05 [0.94,1.17] | 1.59*** [1.40,1.80] | 1.39*** [1.23,1.57] | 1.22** [1.08,1.37] | 1.33** [1.12,1.58] | 1.09 [0.93,1.27] |
| Retired | 0.9 [0.66,1.22] | 1.17 [0.79,1.75] | 1.02 [0.69,1.51] | 1.39 [0.96,2.01] | 0.88 [0.52,1.48] | 0.46* [0.22,0.97] |
| Student | 0.79*** [0.71,0.88] | 1.60*** [1.41,1.83] | 1.02 [0.90,1.16] | 1.28*** [1.13,1.44] | 1.02 [0.86,1.22] | 1.16 [0.84,1.62] |
| Childhood Trauma | 1.06 [0.99,1.13] | 1.41*** [1.30,1.54] | 1.29*** [1.19,1.39] | 1.01 [0.93,1.09] | 1.50*** [1.33,1.70] | 1.10* [1.01,1.21] |
| Prior Psychiatric Diagnosis | 1.59*** [1.48,1.71] | 2.19*** [2.01,2.39] | 2.10*** [1.94,2.28] | 1.73*** [1.59,1.87] | 1.76*** [1.56,1.98] | 1.25*** [1.13,1.39] |
*p < 0.05; **p < 0.005; ***p < 0.001; n.a., Not Applicable; PTSS, Post-Traumatic Stress Symptoms; ADS, Adjustment Disorder Symptom; §Age is standardized and reversed, younger age has an OR>1 if associated with heightened risk.