Table 2.
Descriptive statistics of children by mother's cause of death.
| Alive | External | Natural | χ2-test | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| University education % | 21 | 12 | 17 | p < 0.001 |
| Secondary education % | 68 | 53 | 59 | p < 0.001 |
| Disability pension % | 2 | 4 | 2 | p = 0.018 |
| Parental educationa % | p < 0.001 | |||
| Primary | 7 | 20 | 13 | |
| Secondary | 73 | 71 | 71 | |
| Tertiary | 20 | 9 | 16 | |
| Female % | 49 | 47 | 49 | p = 0.770 |
| Single parentb % | 26 | 48 | 19 | p < 0.001 |
| Stepparentc % | 3 | 40 | 39 | p < 0.001 |
| Mean (SD) | ANOVA | |||
| GPA (mean) | 8 (0.8) | 8 (0.9) | 8 (0.9) | p < 0.001 |
| Family incomed, € | 577 (203) | 487 (242) | 521 (212) | p < 0.001 |
| Family incomed, € (1000 centiles) | 547 (260) | 445 (284) | 481 (262) | p < 0.001 |
| Father's age at birth |
31 (5) |
31 (6) |
33 (6) |
p < 0.001 |
| N | 88,025 | 265 | 569 | |
| % | 99 | 0.04 | 0.06 | |
Notes.
a
The highest parental education when child is 0–18 years.
b
Child has ever lived (before possible parental death) in a single-parent household at the age of 0–18.
c
Child has ever lived with a stepparent at the age of 0–18.
d
Median household income at the age of 5–18. GPA = Grade point average from compulsory education.