Table 1.
Baseline characteristics of the study population
| Clinical and demographic characteristics | All patients n = 584; (%) | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Severity | ||||||
| Mild | 160 (27.4) | |||||
| Moderate | 246 (42.1) | |||||
| Severe | 178 (30.5) | |||||
| Gender | ||||||
| Male | 349 (59.8) | |||||
| Female | 235 (40.2) | |||||
| Hypertension | 293 (52.0) | |||||
| RASBa intake | ||||||
| no | 56 (21.1) | |||||
| yes | 209 (78.9) | |||||
| Dyslipidemia | 159 (28.8) | |||||
| Diabetes | 131 (23.7) | |||||
| Immunodeficiency (primary or secundary) | 40 (6.8) | |||||
| Ref.vb | n | Mean | Median | SDc | IQRd | |
| Age | 584 | 63.0 | 64.0 | 16.5 | 52–76 | |
| laboratory data on admission | ||||||
| IL6e (pg/mL) | < 4.4 | 254 | 113.7 | 41.0 | 355.2 | 15.3–94.6 |
| CRPf (mg/L) | < 10 | 523 | 111.30 | 87.00 | 93.70 | 39–153.2 |
| ferritin (ng/mL) | 20–250 | 297 | 1108.60 | 793.00 | 1524.30 | 361–1417 |
| D-dimer (ng/mL) | < 500 | 456 | 1885.10 | 620.00 | 8214.20 | 399–1169 |
| LDHg (U/L) | 120–246 | 467 | 334.10 | 291.00 | 186.90 | 232–394 |
| days from onset to admission | 548 | 7.20 | 7.00 | 5.10 | 4–10 | |
| Leucocyte count (cells*103/μL) | 4–12.4 | 570 | 7.57 | 6.39 | 5.60 | 4.82–9.00 |
| Neutrophil count (cells*103/μL) | 1.9–8 | 570 | 5.65 | 4.62 | 3.70 | 3.30–7.12 |
| Lymphocyte count (cells*103/μL) | 0.9–5 | 570 | 1.16 | 0.99 | 1.06 | 0.71–1.39 |
| Lymphocyte % | 19–48 | 570 | 18.20 | 16.02 | 11.40 | 9.7–23.5 |
| CD3 + CD4+ % | 25–65 | 55 | 44.10 | 44.80 | 11.60 | 37–51.3 |
| CD3 + CD4+ count (cells*103/μL) | 0.5–1.4 | 54 | 0.54 | 0.43 | 0.38 | 0.26–0.69 |
| CD3 + CD8+ % | 12–40 | 55 | 23.36 | 24.40 | 9.82 | 15.6–30.5 |
| CD4 + CD8+ count (cells*103/μL) | 0.25–1 | 54 | 0.28 | 0.20 | 0.22 | 0.12–0.36 |
| CD19+ % | 5–20 | 52 | 12.90 | 11.55 | 73.00 | 8.2–15.9 |
| CD19+ count (cells*103/μL) | 0.1–0.5 | 51 | 0.13 | 0.10 | 0.09 | 0.06–0.20 |
| Natural Killer % | 5–20 | 52 | 15.90 | 15.15 | 8.70 | 8.66–20.65 |
| Natural Killer count (cells*103/μL) | 0.5–5 | 51 | 0.17 | 0.14 | 0.12 | 0.08–0.20 |
| Immunoglobulin G | 650–1600 | 19 | 961.6 | 933.0 | 131.3 | 885–1006 |
| Immunoglobulin A | 40–350 | 19 | 230.9 | 223.0 | 72.3 | 178–248 |
| Immunoglobulin M | 50–300 | 19 | 103.1 | 90.0 | 39.8 | 72–129 |
| Laboratory data at discharge | ||||||
| IL6 (pg/mL) | < 4.4 | 117 | 99.56 | 9 | 711.81 | 3.9–23.2 |
| CRP (mg/L) | < 10 | 297 | 29.96 | 13.00 | 44.90 | 4.7–36 |
| ferritin (ng/mL) | 20–250 | 209 | 1263.56 | 633 | 6518.34 | 321–1137 |
| D- dimer (μg/L) | < 500 | 271 | 3246.00 | 591 | 33,491.34 | 360–1149 |
| LDH (U/L) | 120–246 | 273 | 342.54 | 234 | 1142.00 | 195–290 |
| days from admission to discharge | 146 | 11.75 | 11 | 6.97 | 7–15 | |
| Leucocyte count (cells*103/μL) | 4–12.4 | 326 | 7.42 | 6.4 | 3.88 | 4.01–8.40 |
| Neutrophil count (cells*103/μL) | 1.9–8 | 326 | 5.17 | 4.1 | 3.79 | 2.98–6.00 |
| Lymphocyte count (cells*103/μL) | 0.9–5 | 326 | 1.51 | 1.44 | 0.76 | 1–1.9 |
| Lymphocyte % | 19–48 | 326 | 23.43 | 23.75 | 11.77 | 14.6–31.1 |
| CD3 + CD4+ % | 25–65 | 14 | 48.01 | 53.5 | 15.71 | 49–58.24 |
| CD3 + CD8+ % | 12–40 | 14 | 19.67 | 18.5 | 10.04 | 10–29.27 |
| CD19% | 5–20 | 14 | 16.97 | 10.93 | 20.32 | 7.9–17 |
| Natural Killers % | 5–20 | 14 | 13.02 | 12 | 7.53 | sep-17 |
Abbreviations: RASBa Renin-angiotensin system blockers, Ref.vb Reference values, SDc Standard deviation, IQRd interquartile range, IL6e Interleukin 6, CRPf C-reactive protein, LDHg Lactate dehydrogenase