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. 2020 Aug 13;6(10):e202948. doi: 10.1001/jamaoncol.2020.2948

Table 2. Observed Risk of Pancreatic Cancer by Diabetes Duration and Recent Weight Change.

Exposure Person-years No. of cases Incidence rate (95% CI)a Incidence ratio (95% CI) Hazard ratio (95% CI)
Age-adjustedb Multivariablec
Diabetes duration
No diabetes 3 970 434 735 19 (17-20) 1 [Reference] 1 [Reference] 1 [Reference]
Recent-onset diabetes (≤4 y) 86 715 67 77 (61-98) 4.17 (3.25-5.36) 2.97 (2.31-3.82) 2.86 (2.21-3.69)
Long-standing diabetes (>4 y) 196 382 135 69 (58-81) 3.71 (3.09-4.46) 2.16 (1.78-2.60) 2.11 (1.73-2.57)
Recent weight change
No weight loss 2 155 859 377 17 (16-19) 1 [Reference] 1 [Reference] 1 [Reference]
1-4–lb weight loss 490 957 137 28 (24-33) 1.60 (1.31-1.94) 1.25 (1.03-1.52) 1.26 (1.04-1.54)
5-8–lb weight loss 334 566 99 30 (24-36) 1.69 (1.36-2.11) 1.33 (1.06-1.66) 1.29 (1.03-1.62)
>8-lb weight loss 351 653 153 44 (37-51) 2.49 (2.06-3.00) 1.92 (1.58-2.32) 1.69 (1.38-2.05)

SI conversion factors: To convert weight to kg, multiply by 0.45.

a

Incidence rates are presented as cases per 100 000 person-years.

b

Conditioned on age (continuous) and calendar year of the survey cycle.

c

Conditioned on age (continuous) and calendar year of the survey cycle and adjusted for sex/cohort, race/ethnicity (White, Black, other, or unknown), body mass index (calculated as weight in kilograms divided by height in meters squared; <25.0, 25.0-29.9, 30.0-34.9, ≥35.0, or missing), physical activity (quintiles by sex), smoking in pack-years (never, <5, 5-19, 20-39, ≥40, or missing), alcohol intake in grams per day (0, 0.1-4.9, 5.0-14.9, 15.0-29.9, ≥30.0, or missing), and multivitamin use (yes or no). In the analyses of weight change, the hazard ratios were also adjusted for previous weight (continuous) and diabetes duration (no diabetes, ≤4 years, or >4 years).