Table 2. Observed Risk of Pancreatic Cancer by Diabetes Duration and Recent Weight Change.
Exposure | Person-years | No. of cases | Incidence rate (95% CI)a | Incidence ratio (95% CI) | Hazard ratio (95% CI) | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Age-adjustedb | Multivariablec | |||||
Diabetes duration | ||||||
No diabetes | 3 970 434 | 735 | 19 (17-20) | 1 [Reference] | 1 [Reference] | 1 [Reference] |
Recent-onset diabetes (≤4 y) | 86 715 | 67 | 77 (61-98) | 4.17 (3.25-5.36) | 2.97 (2.31-3.82) | 2.86 (2.21-3.69) |
Long-standing diabetes (>4 y) | 196 382 | 135 | 69 (58-81) | 3.71 (3.09-4.46) | 2.16 (1.78-2.60) | 2.11 (1.73-2.57) |
Recent weight change | ||||||
No weight loss | 2 155 859 | 377 | 17 (16-19) | 1 [Reference] | 1 [Reference] | 1 [Reference] |
1-4–lb weight loss | 490 957 | 137 | 28 (24-33) | 1.60 (1.31-1.94) | 1.25 (1.03-1.52) | 1.26 (1.04-1.54) |
5-8–lb weight loss | 334 566 | 99 | 30 (24-36) | 1.69 (1.36-2.11) | 1.33 (1.06-1.66) | 1.29 (1.03-1.62) |
>8-lb weight loss | 351 653 | 153 | 44 (37-51) | 2.49 (2.06-3.00) | 1.92 (1.58-2.32) | 1.69 (1.38-2.05) |
SI conversion factors: To convert weight to kg, multiply by 0.45.
Incidence rates are presented as cases per 100 000 person-years.
Conditioned on age (continuous) and calendar year of the survey cycle.
Conditioned on age (continuous) and calendar year of the survey cycle and adjusted for sex/cohort, race/ethnicity (White, Black, other, or unknown), body mass index (calculated as weight in kilograms divided by height in meters squared; <25.0, 25.0-29.9, 30.0-34.9, ≥35.0, or missing), physical activity (quintiles by sex), smoking in pack-years (never, <5, 5-19, 20-39, ≥40, or missing), alcohol intake in grams per day (0, 0.1-4.9, 5.0-14.9, 15.0-29.9, ≥30.0, or missing), and multivitamin use (yes or no). In the analyses of weight change, the hazard ratios were also adjusted for previous weight (continuous) and diabetes duration (no diabetes, ≤4 years, or >4 years).