Table 1.
Evolution of systemic hemodynamic, respiratory, and biological parameters in sepsis (n = 14) and sham (n = 15) animals
| Variables | Group | Time point 1sepsis | Time point 2sepsis | Time point 3sepsis | Time point 4sepsis | Time point 5sepsis | ANOVA group * time (p) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| T (°C) | Sepsis | 38.8 (38–40) | 39.5 (38.7–40.6) | 40.1 (39–40.8) | 40.3 (38.6–40.6) | 40.1 (38.4–40.4) | 0.70 |
| Sham | 40.0 (39.7–40.3) | 40.5 (39.9–40.7) | 40.7 (40.3–40.8) | 40.5 (40.3–40.7) | 40.7 (40.2–41) | ||
| CI (l/min/m2) | Sepsis | 1.8 (1.4–2.3) | 2.1 (1.5–2.7) | 2.6 (1.9–3.6) | 2.7 (2.4–4.0)a,b | 2.7 (1.8–4.0)a,b | 0.049 |
| Sham | 1.8 (1.6–2.2) | 2.2 (2.0–3.0) | 2.4 (1.7–2.9) | 2.4 (2.0–2.9) | 2.1 (1.6–2.8) | ||
| MAP (mmHg) | Sepsis | 83 (79–90) | 84 (77–90) | 83 (75–94) | 77 (72–80) | 70 (69–72) | 0.10 |
| Sham | 97 (94–103) | 90 (82–97) | 89 (82–89) | 84 (82–94) | 84 (78–94) | ||
| MPAP (mmHg) | Sepsis | 10 (5–12) | 11 (7–13) | 13(12–15) | 12 (11–22) | 23 (13–25) | 0.13 |
| Sham | 8 (5–17) | 11 (6–13) | 10 (5–13) | 11 (6–13) | 12 (8–13) | ||
| PaO2/FiO2 | Sepsis | 332 (293–389) | 344 (252–390) | 302 (148–358) | 185 (110–336)a,b | 114 (74–253)a,b | 0.034 |
| Sham | 372 (333–385) | 365 (328–378) | 346 (326–391) | 350 (316–389) | 335 (295–367) | ||
| PaCO2 (mmHg) | Sepsis | 33 (32–36) | 33 (33–35) | 34 (32–36) | 36 (34–38) | 36 (34–40) | 0.22 |
| Sham | 35 (33–38) | 35 (33–37) | 34 (33–36) | 36 (34–37) | 35 (34–36) | ||
| PaO2 (mmHg) | Sepsis | 114 (105–126) | 109 (101–127) | 105 (88–116) | 89 (75–112) | 98 (68–109) | 0.14 |
| Sham | 115 (108–126) | 114 (109–125) | 114 (109–122) | 113 (104–121) | 113 (104–121) | ||
| Hb (g/dl) | Sepsis | 8.0 (7.5–9) | 9.2 (8.5–9.8)a | 8.6 (8.2–10.3) | 8.8 (8.29–9.6) | 9.0 (8.0–9.7) | 0.09 |
| Sham | 8.5 (7.7–9) | 8.7 (7.4–9.4) | 8.4 (7.4–9) | 8.4 (7.1–8.7) | 8.2 (7.6–9.0) | ||
| Lactate (mmol/l) | Sepsis | 0.5 (0–1.2) | 0.6 (0.0–1.4) | 1.2 (0–1.8) | 1.3 (1.1–1.9)a,b | 1.9 (1.1–2.4)a,b | 0.002 |
| Sham | 0.0 (0–1) | 0.5 (0.0–1.1) | 0.0 (0–0) | 0.0 (0–0) | 0.0 (0–0) | ||
| pH | Sepsis | 7.43 (7.38–4.47) | 7.45 (7.39–7.47) | 7.42 (7.37–7.45) | 7.40 (7.32–7.41) | 7.33 (7.29–7.39) | 0.14 |
| Sham | 7.45 (7.42–7.48) | 7.44 (7.40–7.46) | 7.41 (7.35–7.43) | 7.40 (7.34–7.41) | 7.40 (7.33–7.41) | ||
| Urine output (ml) | Sepsis | 0 (0–0) | 250 (125–345) | 459 (200–560) | 721 (300–890) | 691 (443–1091) | 0.06 |
| Sham | 0 (0–0) | 250 (141–506) | 573 (408–973) | 935 (593–1468) | 1180 (858–1740) | ||
| Fluids amount (ml) | Sepsis | 800 (573–952) | 1666 (888–2329) | 2474 (1580–2889) | 3400 (2045–4529) | 4558 (2300–5616) | 0.06 |
| Sham | 659 (500–1075) | 1272 (820–1732) | 1935 (1498–2292) | 2915 (1909–3119) | 3090 (1832–3434) | ||
| Midazolam (mg/kg) | Sepsis | 11 (10–11) | 14 (13–15) | 16 (15–17) | 17 (17–20) | 19 (18–23) | 0.029 |
| Sham | 11 (10–11) | 16 (13–17) | 19 (17–23) | 22 (20–26) | 25 (22–31) | ||
| Ketamine (mg/kg) | Sepsis | 70 (64–70) | 93 (89–99) | 104 (103–116) | 116 (112–134) | 126 (117–150) | 0.029 |
| Sham | 70 (64–70) | 104 (89–116) | 125 (110–150) | 146 (131–176) | 168 (144–204) |
Data are presented as median and (IQR). In case of significant ANOVA group-time interaction, post-hoc analysis is presented. Significant at 5% vs. (a) time point 1 or (b) time point 2 in the within-group analysis. Significant differences between groups at a specific time point are bold
°C Celsius degrees, CI cardiac index, MAP mean arterial pressure, MPAP mean pulmonary arterial pressure, PaO2/FiO2 ratio used to identify and quantify acute lung injury (acute lung injury if ratio ≤ 300, acute respiratory distress syndrome if ratio ≤ 200)