. 2020 Jun 24;16(8):4849–4856. doi: 10.1021/acs.jctc.0c00501

Table 1. Cis-trans Isomerization Rate per Molecule under Different Illumination Conditions^a.

condition	T (K)	A (R_S²/D²)	k_s (s^–1)
extra-terrestrial	5778	1	2.4 × 10⁴
ground level	5778	0.75	1.8 × 10⁴
scotopic vision	4100	3.06 × 10^–11	1.2 × 10^–7 (MQC-PE)
			1.9 × 10^–7 (Redfield theory¹⁴)

Computed with MQC-PE with the analytical model emulating retinal MQC trajectories (eq 21) and s = 56 Å² unless stated otherwise.

Table 1. Cis-trans Isomerization Rate per Molecule under Different Illumination Conditionsa.