(A) Freezing increased from the first to third CS-US pairing during conditioning. (B) Intra-CeA infusion of 1.0 μg OT (n=5, red circles) decreased freezing during extinction training and increased freezing on (drug-free) extinction retrieval, relative to vehicle (n=9, black empty circles). (C) Intra-CeA infusion of 0.01 μg OT (n=9 blue circles) prior to extinction training produced decreased freezing on (drug-free) extinction retrieval, relative to vehicle. (D) Grooming levels were very low during conditioning. Intra-CeA infusion of 1.0 μg, but not 0.01 μg, OT prior to extinction training increased grooming during extinction training (E) and decreased freezing on (drug-free) extinction retrieval (F), relative to vehicle controls. *P<0.05 versus vehicle. # P<0.05 versus first CS block in extinction. Data are means ± SEM. Abbreviations: CS: conditioned stimulus, US: unconditioned stimulus, b: baseline, AV: Average.