Table 4.

Outcomes Based on Strengths & Difficulties Questionnaire Scale - Heterogeneous Effects by Sex and Age

	Panel A. State Unemployment Rates
	(1)	(2)	(3)	(4)	(5)	(6)	(7)	(8)
	OLS: Mental Health Severity (0–10)				Probit: Likely Psychological Problem (0/1)
	Males	Females	Age 4–11	Age 12–17	Males	Females	Age 4–11	Age 12–17
Marginal Effect	0.032*	0.021	0.029*	0.026	0.0013	0.0045**	0.0025**	0.0042*
(SE)	(0.018)	(0.017)	(0.017)	(0.018)	(0.0021)	(0.0018)	(0.0011)	(0.0021)
Mean, Dep. Var.	1.83	1.60	1.62	1.84	0.046	0.036	0.035	0.049
Relative Effect of 1.51 P.P. Fall in Unemployment Rate	−2.6%	−2.0%	−2.7%	−2.1%	−4.3%	−18.9%	−10.8%	−12.9%
	Panel B. State Housing Price Index
	OLS: Mental Health Severity (0–10)				Probit: Likely Psychological Problem (0/1)
	Males	Females	Age 4–11	Age 12–17	Males	Females	Age 4–11	Age 12–17
Marginal Effect	−0.173**	−0.183**	−0.093	−0.302***	−0.011	−0.018**	−0.004	−0.029***
(SE)	(0.074)	(0.084)	(0.080)	(0.086)	(0.010)	(0.008)	(0.006)	(0.010)
Mean, Dep. Var.	1.83	1.60	1.62	1.84	0.046	0.036	0.035	0.049
Relative Effect of 0.19 Point Rise in Housing Price Index	−1.8%	−2.2%	−1.1%	−3.1%	−4.5%	−9.5%	−2.2%	−11.2%
Sample size	48,571	45,658	51,372	42,857	48,571	45,552	51,372	42,761

Note: Robust standard errors clustered on the state. A fall in unemployment rate of 1.51 percentage points and a rise in HPI of 0.19 represent one standard deviation improvements in economic conditions. Covariates are described in Table 2.

^*p-value <.10

^**p-value<.05

^***p-value<.01.