TABLE 2—
Prevalence Rates of Physical Conditions, Mental Illness, and Substance Use Disorders Among Persons Aged 18–49 Years According to Probation Status: United States, 2015–2018
| Under Probation, % | General Population, % | AORa (95% CI) | |
| Physical condition, ever | |||
| Any physical condition | 30.6 | 26.6 | 1.3 (1.2, 1.4) |
| ≥ 2 physical conditions | 10.1 | 7.0 | 1.5 (1.3, 1.8) |
| Fair/poor health | 16.2 | 9.1 | 1.6 (1.4, 1.7) |
| COPD | 3.3 | 1.8 | 1.7 (1.4, 2.2) |
| Asthma | 10.4 | 10.7 | 1.0 (0.9, 1.2) |
| Diabetes | 5.0 | 4.5 | 1.2 (0.9, 1.4) |
| Hypertension | 7.1 | 8.4 | 0.9 (0.7, 1.1) |
| Heart condition | 5.0 | 3.7 | 1.4 (1.1, 1.9) |
| Obesity | 32.0 | 33.6 | 0.9 (0.8, 1.0) |
| Cirrhosis | 0.1 | 0.03 | 0.3 (0.1, 1.5) |
| Hepatitis B or C | 3.0 | 0.6 | 4.9 (3.7, 6.5) |
| HIV | 0.7 | 0.2 | 2.5 (1.3, 4.7) |
| Cancer diagnosis | 1.6 | 1.7 | 1.2 (0.8, 1.8) |
| Kidney disease | 1.3 | 0.8 | 1.8 (1.2, 2.6) |
| STI, past y | 5.9 | 2.5 | 2.5 (2.1, 3.1) |
| Mental illness, past y | |||
| Serious/moderate mental illnessb | 11.9 | 5.6 | 2.4 (2.1, 2.8) |
| Any mental illnessb | 34.3 | 21.9 | 2.0 (1.8, 2.2) |
| Major depression | 13.9 | 8.6 | 1.8 (1.6, 2.1) |
| Substance use disorders, past y | |||
| Any substance use disorderc | 35.1 | 10.3 | 4.2 (3.8, 4.5) |
| Illicit drug use disorderc | 20.0 | 3.9 | 5.1 (4.6, 5.6) |
| Alcohol use disorderc | 21.8 | 7.7 | 3.0 (2.7, 3.4) |
| Current smoking | 37.4 | 12.3 | 3.8 (3.3, 4.3) |
Note. AOR = adjusted odds ratio; CI = confidence interval; COPD = chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; STI = sexually transmitted infection.
a
Adjusted for age, gender, race/ethnicity, poverty level, and insurance.
b
Presence of mental illness in National Survey of Drug Use and Health is based on statistical prediction model.
c
Substance use disorder in National Survey of Drug Use and Health defined using Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition, criteria for substance dependence or abuse.