TABLE 1—
Characteristics of Medicare Patients Diagnosed With Mental Illness and Schizophrenia or Bipolar Disorder in Rural and Urban Areas: United States, 2010 Versus 2017
| Rural Beneficiaries |
Urban Beneficiaries |
|||||
| 2010 | 2017 | Standardized Differencea | 2010 | 2017 | Standardized Differencea | |
| All beneficiaries diagnosed with mental illness | ||||||
| No. | 238 606 | 348 080 | 620 402 | 897 775 | ||
| Age, y | ||||||
| Mean | 65.3 | 67.0 | 0.11 | 66.0 | 68.1 | 0.14 |
| 18–39, % | 7.7 | 5.7 | −0.08 | 7.6 | 5.6 | −0.08 |
| 40–64, % | 34.8 | 29.8 | −0.11 | 33.3 | 26.1 | −0.16 |
| 65–79, % | 38.2 | 47.4 | 0.18 | 37.6 | 49.0 | 0.23 |
| ≥ 80, % | 19.3 | 17.1 | −0.06 | 21.4 | 19.4 | −0.05 |
| Male, % | 35.1 | 34.1 | 0.02 | 35.3 | 34.4 | 0.02 |
| Medicaid dual enrollment, % | 49.2 | 41.9 | −0.15 | 46.4 | 36.6 | −0.20 |
| SUD comorbidity, % | 5.7 | 7.5 | 0.08 | 6.2 | 7.8 | 0.07 |
| Beneficiaries diagnosed with schizophrenia or bipolar disorder | ||||||
| No. | 47 138 | 54 467 | 147 090 | 159 523 | ||
| Age, y | ||||||
| Mean | 54.3 | 57.2 | 0.19 | 54.8 | 57.9 | 0.20 |
| 18–39, % | 18.2 | 14.8 | −0.09 | 16.9 | 14.5 | −0.07 |
| 40–64, % | 55.9 | 52.5 | −0.07 | 56.7 | 50.4 | −0.13 |
| 65–79, % | 20.0 | 25.3 | 0.13 | 20.0 | 27.3 | 0.17 |
| ≥ 80, % | 6.0 | 7.4 | 0.06 | 6.4 | 7.9 | 0.06 |
| Male, % | 44.1 | 43.8 | −0.01 | 45.8 | 45.1 | −0.01 |
| Medicaid dual enrollment, % | 73.0 | 72.8 | 0.00 | 70.9 | 68.8 | −0.05 |
| SUD comorbidity, % | 10.0 | 13.4 | 0.11 | 11.0 | 13.9 | 0.09 |
Notes. SUD = substance use disorder. The sample size is based on the 20% random sample of Medicare beneficiaries.
a
Standardized difference measures the distance between the mean of each beneficiary characteristic from 2010 and 2017 for both rural and urban beneficiaries.