Table 2.

Multivariable Cox Proportional Hazards Models for Overall Survival

	Without Propensity Match		With Propensity Match
	Hazard of Death (95% CI)	P Value	Hazard of Death (95% CI)	P Value
Pelvic radiotherapy
Surgery alone	Reference
Surgery + XRT	0.72 (0.66–0.78)	< .001	0.72 (0.67–0.78)	< .001
Gender
Male	Reference
Female	1.35 (1.23–1.48)	< .001
Age, y
≤ 65	Reference
> 65	1.35 (1.23–1.48)	< .001
Insurance
Insured	Reference
Uninsured	1.07 (0.90–1.28)	.445	1.08 (0.90–1.28)	.430
Income, $
< 48,000	Reference
≥ 48,000	1.11 (1.03–1.21)	.008	1.10 (1.01–1.19)	.022
Facility
Community	Reference
Academic	0.80 (0.73–0.87)	< .001	0.78 (0.72–0.85)	< .001
Population
Metro/urban	Reference
Rural	1.08 (0.90–1.28)	.445	1.13 (0.96–1.33)	.159
Comorbidity score
0	Reference
≥ 1	0.94 (0.84–1.04)	.216	0.95 (0.85–1.05)	.316
Clinical T stage
T1/T2	Reference
T3/T4	0.80 (0.88–1.18)	.803
Unknown	0.92 (0.96–1.30)	.14
Clinical N stage
N0	Reference
N1	0.93 (0.84–1.03)	.803
N2	1.36 (1.20–1.54)	.14
Unknown	1.18 (1.05–1.32)	.007
Grade
1–2	Reference
3	1.51 (1.37–1.67)	< .001
Metastatic burden
1 organ involved	Reference
Multiple organs involved	0.74 (0.67–0.80)	< .001	0.73 (0.67–0.79)	< .001

Abbreviations: CI = confidence interval; XRT = pelvic radiotherapy.