Table 1.
Sample description (weighted data) by indicator of mental health problem in past-year smokers and the subset of current smokers
| All | Ever diagnosis | Past-month distress | Past-year treatment | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Past-year cigarette smokers | No | Yes | Test statistics | Minimal | Moderate | Serious | Test statistics | No | Yes | Test statistics | ||
| Unweighted n | 6071 | 3904 | 2167 | 3981 | 1499 | 591 | 4742 | 1329 | ||||
| Age, % | 16–24 | 18.8 | 18.4 | 19.6 |
χ2 = 87.89, p < 0.001, V = 0.118 |
15.1 | 25.9 | 26.1 |
χ2 = 207.65, p < 0.001, V = 0.128 |
18.7 | 19.2 | χ2 = 74.83, p < 0.001, V = 0.109 |
| 25–34 | 22.5 | 21.7 | 24.1 | 21.8 | 23.7 | 24.6 | 22.2 | 23.7 | ||||
| 35–44 | 18.2 | 17.1 | 20.0 | 17.6 | 19.2 | 19.2 | 17.3 | 21.3 | ||||
| 45–54 | 18.3 | 17.7 | 19.5 | 19.3 | 15.7 | 18.1 | 17.6 | 20.9 | ||||
| 55–64 | 11.9 | 12.4 | 11.2 | 13.4 | 9.0 | 9.6 | 12.4 | 10.2 | ||||
| ≥65 | 10.2 | 12.8 | 5.7 | 12.8 | 6.5 | 2.3 | 11.8 | 4.7 | ||||
| Gender, % a | Men | 52.4 | 57.6 | 43.0 |
χ2 = 124.73, p < 0.001, V = 0.141 |
55.5 | 48.2 | 41.2 |
χ2 = 58.32, p < 0.001, V = 0.096 |
56.2 | 38.7 | χ2 = 132.23, p < 0.001, V = 0.145 |
| Women | 47.6 | 42.4 | 57.0 | 44.5 | 51.8 | 58.8 | 43.8 | 61.3 | ||||
| Occupational grade, % | AB | 14.9 | 16.0 | 13.1 |
χ2 = 209.54, p < 0.001, V = 0.182 |
16.3 | 13.2 | 10.4 |
χ2 = 235.35, p < 0.001, V = 0.136 |
15.8 | 11.7 | χ2 = 253.20, p < 0.001, V = 0.200 |
| C1 | 24.5 | 25.1 | 23.5 | 24.9 | 25.2 | 20.4 | 25.4 | 21.5 | ||||
| C2 | 25.7 | 27.8 | 21.9 | 27.7 | 23.0 | 18.6 | 27.3 | 20.0 | ||||
| D | 20.2 | 21.2 | 18.3 | 20.7 | 18.7 | 19.9 | 20.5 | 18.8 | ||||
| E | 14.7 | 9.9 | 23.2 | 10.4 | 19.9 | 30.7 | 11.0 | 27.9 | ||||
| Smoking, % | Daily cigs | 81.6 | 82.0 | 81.0 |
χ2 = 3.58, p = 0.167, V = 0.024 |
82.7 | 78.8 | 82.1 |
χ2 = 11.44, p = 0.022, V = 0.030 |
81.6 | 81.8 | χ2 = 8.60, p = 0.014, V = 0.037 |
| Non-daily cigs | 10.9 | 11.0 | 10.7 | 10.3 | 12.6 | 10.8 | 11.3 | 9.3 | ||||
| Stopped last year | 7.5 | 7.0 | 8.3 | 7.0 | 8.7 | 7.2 | 7.1 | 8.8 | ||||
| Type of cigarette, % b | Manufactured | 50.4 | 56.2 | 40.2 | χ2 = 146.15, p < 0.001, V = 0.154 | 55.3 | 43.6 | 34.1 | χ2 = 131.67, p < 0.001, V = 0.103 | 53.6 | 39.3 | χ2 = 87.92, p < 0.001, V = 0.120 |
| Roll-your-own | 44.1 | 38.8 | 53.7 | 40.0 | 50.1 | 57.8 | 41.5 | 53.6 | ||||
| Mix | 5.4 | 5.0 | 6.1 | 4.7 | 6.3 | 8.1 | 4.9 | 7.2 | ||||
| Urges to smoke, % | None | 16.9 | 18.9 | 13.5 |
χ2 = 117.41, p < 0.001, V = 0.136 |
18.4 | 14.8 | 12.6 |
χ2 = 179.27, p < 0.001, V = 0.12 |
18.2 | 12.3 | χ2 = 111.32, p < 0.001, V = 0.133 |
| 1 | 16.3 | 17.4 | 14.4 | 17.7 | 14.4 | 11.7 | 17.0 | 13.8 | ||||
| 2 | 43.3 | 43.6 | 42.6 | 44.1 | 43.6 | 36.7 | 43.7 | 41.9 | ||||
| 3 | 17.3 | 15.8 | 20.0 | 15.6 | 19.2 | 24.0 | 16.2 | 21.1 | ||||
| 4 | 4.5 | 3.4 | 6.4 | 3.2 | 5.6 | 10.4 | 3.6 | 7.5 | ||||
| 5 | 1.7 | 0.9 | 3.0 | 1.0 | 2.3 | 4.6 | 1.2 | 3.4 | ||||
| HSI, % | Low (< 4) | 87.5 | 90.4 | 82.4 | χ2 = 84.35, p < 0.001, V = 0.116 | 89.8 | 85.2 | 77.7 | χ2 = 82.78, p < 0.001, V = 0.114 | 89.4 | 80.7 | χ2 = 75.31, p < 0.001, V = 0.109 |
| High (4+) | 12.5 | 9.6 | 17.6 | 10.2 | 14.8 | 22.3 | 10.6 | 19.3 | ||||
| ≥1 quit attempt, % b | Yes | 32.5 | 30.4 | 36.2 |
χ2 = 22.00, p < 0.001, V = 0.059 |
29.6 | 37.7 | 38.8 |
χ2 = 46.28, p < 0.001, V = 0.086 |
30.8 | 38.3 | χ2 = 27.05, p < 0.001, V = 0.065 |
| Abstinence ≥ 1 month, % | Yes | 12.9 | 12.3 | 13.8 | χ2 = 3.01, p = 0.083, V = 0.022 | 11.6 | 16.1 | 13.4 | χ2 = 20.39, p < 0.001, V = 0.057 | 12.5 | 14.1 | χ2 = 2.40, p = 0.122, V = 0.019 |
| Current cigarette smokers | ||||||||||||
| Unweighted n | 5637 | 3646 | 1991 | 3708 | 1381 | 548 | 4420 | 1217 | ||||
| MTSS % | In ≤3 months | 14.4 | 13.3 | 16.3 | χ2 = 9.79, p = 0.002, V = 0.041 | 13.0 | 17.7 | 15.6 | χ2 = 19.30, p < 0.001, V = 0.057 | 13.6 | 17.3 | χ2 = 11.15, p = 0.001, V = 0.044 |
| Cutting down, % | Yes | 46.1 | 43.1 | 51.4 | χ2 = 37.12, p < 0.001, V = 0.080 | 42.8 | 52.2 | 53.3 | χ2 = 49.39, p < 0.001, V = 0.092 | 44.5 | 52.0 | χ2 = 22.57, p < 0.001, V = 0.062 |
| Current NRT, % | Yes | 8.5 | 7.5 | 10.5 | χ2 = 15.60, p < 0.001, V = 0.052 | 7.6 | 10.0 | 11.2 | χ2 = 13.33, p = 0.001, V = 0.048 | 7.6 | 11.8 | χ2 = 22.26, p < 0.001, V = 0.062 |
| Current EC, % | Yes | 19.4 | 17.1 | 23.5 | χ2 = 34.78, p < 0.001, V = 0.077 | 16.6 | 25.5 | 23.0 | χ2 = 57.95, p < 0.001, V = 0.100 | 18.1 | 23.9 | χ2 = 21.10, p < 0.001, V = 0.060 |
| Current NRT or EC, % | Yes | 25.4 | 22.6 | 30.5 | χ2 = 44.64, p < 0.001, V = 0.087 | 22.3 | 31.6 | 30.6 | χ2 = 56.02, p < 0.001, V = 0.098 | 23.5 | 32.4 | χ2 = 41.13, p < 0.001, V = 0.084 |
| Weekly spend Mean (SD) b | £ | 22.6 (17.1) | 23.3 (17.3) | 21.4 (16.7) | F = 15.30, p < 0.001 | 23.3 (17.3) | 21.5 (16.8) | 20.8 (16.2) | F = 8.75, p < 0.001 | 22.7 (17.1) | 22.3 (17.0) | F = 0.57, p = 0.45 |
| Weekly spend Median b | £ | 20 | 20 | 16 | p < 0.001 | 20 | 17 | 15 | p < 0.001 | 20 | 17 | p = 0.33 |
MTSS Motivation to stop smoking
aThe provided third option was not used by anyone in the included sample
bType of cigarette missing unweighted n = 164, weekly spend missing unweighted n = 216
cThe median number of quit attempts was 0 for all groups; the mean number of quit attempts overall was 0.59 (SD = 3.10), this was similar for those with (M = 0.67; SD = 3.00) and without diagnosis (M = 0.55, SD = 3.15; F(1,6316) = 2.13, p = 0.14), with (M = 0.71, SD = 2.82) and without past-year treatment (M = 0.56, SD = 3.17; F(1,6316) = 2.42, p = 0.112) and differed slightly across levels of distress (minimal: M = 0.51, SD = 3.08, moderate: M = 0.76, SD = 3.55, serious: M = 0.70, SD = 1.66; F(2,6315) = 3.93, p = 0.02)