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. 2020 Aug 14;20:748. doi: 10.1186/s12913-020-05563-1
Parameters: DISTRIBUTION @RISK FORMULA EXPECTED LOWER BOUND (5%) UPPER BOUND (5%) NOTES
Government Regulatory Costs
[P1] Total states with CON, 2008 Constant 37 37 37 37 [a]
[P2] Average FTE CON employees in states with CON Truncated Normal 10.2 10.2 5.1 15.3 [b]
[P3] Annual total compensation, state employees, 2008 Normal 52,058 52,058 39,044 65,073 [c]
Compliance Costs
[P4] Average spending per CON application, WA, 2013 Constant 124,936 124,936 124,936 124,936 [d]
[P5] Average annual number of CON applications, WA Constant 52 52 52 52 [e]
[P6] Personal health care expenditures (PHCE), WA, 2008 (millions) Constant $ 42,411 $ 42,411 $ 42,411 $ 42,411 [f]
[P7] Percentage change in PHCE, U.S., 2008–2013 Constant 17.9% 17.9% 17.9% 17.9% [g]
[P8] CON compliance spending per $10,000 PHCE Normal $ 1.29 $ 1.29 $ 0.97 $ 1.61 [h]
[P9] Personal health care expenditures (PHCE), 2008 (000’s) Normal $ 1,997,199 $ 1,997,199 $ 1,964,445 $ 2,029,953 [i]
[P10] Share of PHCE in states with CON, 2008 Constant 56.6% 56.6% 56.6% 56.6% [j]
[P11] PHCE spending in CON states, 2008 (millions) Calculated $ 1,130,663 $ 1,130,663 $ 1,112,100 $ 1,149,200 [k]
Key Impacts
Health expenditures
[P12] Medicare expenditures, 2008 (millions) Normal $ 440,758 440,758 $ 433,530 $ 447,987 [l]
[P13] Share of Medicare spending in states with stringent CON, 2008 Constant 19.2% 19.2% 19.2% 19.2% [m]
[P14] Reduction in Medicare/eligible spending due to CON Normal 1.8% 1.8% 0.5% 3.2% [n]
[P15] All other PHCE spending in CON states, 2008 (millions) Calculated $ 1,045,988 $ 1,045,988 $ 1027,402 $ 1,064,578 [o]
[P16] Increase in per capita health spending due to CON Exponential 0.19% 0.14% 0.01% 0.58% [p]
[P17] New CABG programs averted per 1000 CABG patients Normal 0.97 0.97 0.75 1.19 [q]
[P18] Capital cost per CABG program (millions) Normal $ 20.5 $ 20.5 $ 17.8 $ 23.2 [r]
[P19] Amortized annual capital cost per CABG program (millions) Normal $ 2.0 $ 2.0 $ 1.7 $ 2.2 [s]
Patient time losses
[P20] Time losses per CABG patient due to restricted supply Normal $ 7.50 $ 7.50 $ 3.75 $ 11.25 [t]
[P21] Total CABGs in states with CON, 2008 Normal 238,586 238,586 131,404 267,020 [u]
General elderly hospital mortality
[P22] Elderly hospital patients, 2008 (thousands) Normal 13,902 13,902 11,504 16,300 [v]
[P23] Elderly in-hospital mortality risk, 2008 Normal 4.1% 4.1% 4.0% 4.2% [w]
[P24] Increase in Medicare mortality rates due to stringent CON Exponential 0.3% 7.9% 6.1% 9.7% [x]
[P25] VOSL, elderly, 2008 (millions of dollars) Triangle $ 2.9 $ 2.9 $ 0.6 $ 5.9 [y]
CABG mortality, all patients
[P26] Change in CABG mortality rate/1000 patients due to CON Calculated −1.1 −1.1 −2.8 0.6 [z]
[P27] Added life expectancy per CABG patient Normal 8.0 8.0 6.0 10.0 [aa]
[P28] Quality of life, CABG patients after 10 years Normal 0.9 0.9 0.7 1.1 [ab]
[P29] Value of a quality-adjusted life year (QALY), 2008 (thousands) Triangle $ 239.1 $ 239.1 $ 120.7 $ 407.0 [ac]
CABG mortality, Medicare patients, stringent CON states
[P30] Elderly CABGs in states with stringent CON, 2008 Normal 43,840 43,840 24,145 49,065 [ad]
[P31] Change in elderly CABG mortality rate/1000 due to stringent CON Calculated −7.3 −7.3 −14.76 0.13 [ae]
[P32] Ratio of elderly CABG life expectancy to average CABG LE Constant 0.54 0.54 0.54 0.54 [af]
CABG mortality rates, Medicare patients non-stringent CON states
[P33] Elderly CABGs in states with CON, 2008 Normal 91,540 91,540 50,417 102,450 [ag]
[P34] Change in elderly CABG mortality rate/1000 in all CON states Calculated −0.9 −0.9 −2.0 0.1 [ah]
[P35] Change in elderly CABG mortality rate/1000, non-stringent CON Calculated 4.9 4.9 −5.8 32.9 [ai]
Social Welfare Losses
[P36] Marginal tax overhead costs, federal taxes Normal 48.2% 48.2% 38.1% 64.3% [aj]
[P37] Marginal tax overhead costs, state taxes Normal 40.5% 48.2% 32.4% 53.9% [ak]
[P38] Marginal excess burden, sales taxes Normal 23.3% 48.2% 20.4% 26.1% [al]