Table 3. Sociodemographic and behavior factors associated with MDR-TB among the study participants in the Tigray region, northern Ethiopia, July 2018 to August 2019.
| Variables | Non-MDR (189), F (%) | MDR (38), F (%) | COR (95% Cl) | P-value | AOR (95% Cl) | P-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sex | ||||||
| Male | 122 (64.6%) | 22 (57.9) | 1 | - | - | |
| Female | 67 (35.5) | 16 (42.1) | 1.32 (0.65–2.69) | 0.438 | ||
| Age in years | ||||||
| 15–24 | 38 (20.1) | 9 (23.7) | 1 | |||
| 25–34 | 76 (40.2) | 14 (36.8) | 0.78 (0.3–1.96) | 0.594 | - | - |
| 35–44 | 36 (19.1) | 10 (26.3) | 1.17 (0.43–3.22) | 0.757 | ||
| 45–54 | 20 (10.6) | 2 (5.3) | 0.42 (0.08–2.14) | 0.298 | ||
| ≥55 | 19 (10.1) | 3 (7.9) | 0.67 (0.16–2.75) | 0.575 | ||
| Residence | ||||||
| Urban | 103 (54.5) | 24 (63.2) | 1 | |||
| Rural | 86 (45.5) | 14 (36.8) | 0.7 (0.34–1.43) | 0.328 | - | - |
| Marital status | ||||||
| Single | 90 (47.6) | 15 (39.5) | 1 | |||
| Married | 86 (45.5) | 17 (44.7) | 1.18 (0.56–2.52) | 0.658 | ||
| Divorced | 4 (2.1) | 2 (5.3) | 3 (0.50–17.85) | 0.227 | - | - |
| Widowed | 9 (4.8) | 4 (10.5) | 2.67 (0.73–9.77) | 0.139 | ||
| Pregnant (48) | ||||||
| No | 8 (80) | 37 (97.4) | 1 | |||
| Yes | 2 (20) | 1 (2.6) | 2.53 (0.22–28.6) | 0.454 | - | - |
| Lactating (48) | ||||||
| No | 9 (90) | 37 (97.4) | 1 | |||
| Yes | 1 (10) | 1 (2.6) | 5.08 (0.31–3.07) | 0.254 | - | - |
| Family size | ||||||
| ≤3 | 109 (57.7) | 19 (50) | 1 | |||
| ≥4 | 80 (42.3) | 19 (50) | 1.36 (0.68–2.74) | 0.385 | - | - |
| Education | ||||||
| Illiterate | 60 (31.8) | 10 (26.3) | 1 | |||
| 1–8 grades | 58 (30.7) | 16 (42.1) | 1.66 (0.69–3.95) | 0.256 | - | - |
| 9–12 grades | 54 (28.6) | 8 (21.1) | 0.89 (0.33–2.42) | 0.817 | ||
| Diploma and above | 17 (9) | 4 (10.5) | 1.41 (0.39–5.07) | 0.597 | ||
| Occupation | ||||||
| Housewife | 20 (10.6) | 5 (13.2) | 1 | |||
| Farmer | 46 (24.3) | 10 (26.3) | 0.87 (0.26 2.87) | 0.819 | - | - |
| Self-employed | 58 (30.7) | 8 (21.1) | 0.55 (0.16–1.88) | 0.342 | ||
| Government employee | 10 (5.3) | 2 (5.3) | 0.8 (0.13–4.87) | 0.809 | ||
| Student | 13 (6.9) | 4 (10.5) | 1.23 (0.28–5.45) | 0.785 | ||
| No work | 42 (22.2) | 9 (23.7) | 0.86 (0.25–2.89) | 0.804 | ||
| Monthly income (Birr) | ||||||
| <500 | 41 (21.7) | 11 (29) | 1 | |||
| 500–2000 | 48 (25.4) | 10 (26.3) | 0.78 (0.3–2.01) | 0.603 | ||
| ˃2000 | 39 (20.6) | 4 (10.5) | 0.38 (0.11–1.30) | 0.124 | - | - |
| No means of income | 61 (32.3) | 13 (34.2) | 0.79 (0.32–1.94) | 0.614 | ||
| Smoking | ||||||
| No | 176 (93.1) | 32 (84.2) | 1 | 1 | ||
| Yes | 13 (6.9) | 6 (15.8) | 2.54 (0.9–7.17) | 0.079 | 6.09 (1.7–22.5) | 0.007 |
| Alcohol intake | ||||||
| No | 111 (58.7) | 28 (73.7) | 1 | 1 | ||
| Yes | 78 (41.3) | 10 (26.3) | 0.51 (0.23–1.11) | 0.088 | 0.28 (0.1–0.77) | 0.014 |
| Khat chewing | ||||||
| No | 173 (91.5) | 33 (86.8) | 1 | |||
| Yes | 16 (8.5) | 5 (13.2) | 1.64 (0.56–4.78) | 0.366 | - | - |