Table 3.
Association Between Tuberculosis and Diabetes Mellitus or Impaired Glucose Regulation at Enrollment and 3-Month Follow-up
| Enrollment | Follow-up | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Characteristic | Overall (N = 850) | Participants With HIV (n = 541) | Partcipants Without HIV (n = 309) | Overall (N = 639) | Participants With HIV (n = 399) | Participants Without HIV (n = 240) |
| IGR | ||||||
| No IGR | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 |
| IGR by HbA1c | 1.6 (1.1–2.3) | 1.5 (1.0–2.3) | 2.2 (1.2–4.1) | 0.6 (.4–1.1) | 0.6 (.3–1.2) | 0.8 (.3–2.0) |
| IGR by FPG | 0.9 (.5–1.5) | 1.2 (.6–2.2) | 0.4 (.1–1.2) | 1.2 (.6–2.3) | 0.8 (.3–2.2) | 1.6 (.6–4.2) |
| IGR by combined test (HbA1c or FPG) | 2.3 (1.6–3.3) | 2.4 (1.51–3.8) | 2.3 (1.1–4.7) | 0.84 (.53–1.36) | 0.77 (.41–1.16) | 1.10 (.47–2.57) |
| Combining preexisting DM and newly diagnosed DM | ||||||
| No DM | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 |
| DM by HbA1c | 2.4 (1.2–4.6) | 2.4 (1.0–5.9) | 2.2 (.7–6.3) | 2.1 (.8–5.3) | 2.5 (.5–11.8) | 1.8 (.5–6.7) |
| DM by FPG | 2.3 (1.0–5.9) | 2.9 (.7–12.2) | 1.9 (.7–6.4) | 2.8 (.9–8.4) | 9.8 (.9–106.6) | 1.6 (.4–6.5) |
| DM by combined test (HbA1c or FPG) | 2.8 (1.5–5.3) | 2.4 (1.0–5.3) | 3.5 (1.2–9.8) | 3.3 (1.5–7.3) | 3.8 (1.2–12.3) | 3.5 (1.1–11.0) |
| Newly diagnosed DM only | ||||||
| No DM | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 |
| DM by HbA1c | 1.6 (.7–3.6) | 1.7 (1.0–2.9) | 1.0 (.1–7.6) | 1.5 (.3–7.0) | 1.3 (.2–8.1) | 2.4 (.1–49.1) |
| DM by FPG | 1.7 (.3–8.8) | 9.2 (.9–97.0) | 2.2 (1.0–4.7) | 3.0 (.2–40.5) | a | 2.0 (.6–7.2) |
| DM by combined test (HbA1c or FPG) | 2.2 (1.0–4.7) | 1.6 (.7–4.0) | 3.6 (.7–19.5) | 2.0 (.6–7.2) | 1.6 (.3–7.3) | 4.5 (.3–59.9) |
| Preexisting DM only | ||||||
| No DM | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 |
| DM | 3.7 (1.5–9.1) | 6.3 (1.3–30.8) | 3.1 (.9–10.1) | 4.0 (1.6–10.1) | 9.3 (1.7–49.0) | 3.0 (.9–10.1) |
Data are presented as odds ratio (95% confidence interval). Bold text represents significant associations. Reference group for the associations: patients with no DM or IGR. All odds ratios were adjusted for sex, age, household size, income, hypertension (baseline), previous miner, previous prisoner, marital status, work status, and HIV-1 status.
Abbreviations: DM, diabetes mellitus; FPG, fasting plasma glucose; HbA1c, glycated hemoglobin; HIV, human immunodeficiency virus; IGR, impaired glucose regulation.
aInsufficient data to perform test-specific analysis.