TABLE 1.
Demographic, clinical, and cognitive data in the T2DM and HC groups
| Items | T2DM group (n = 38) | HC group (n = 33) | p |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years) | 55.71 ± 6.32 | 54.01 ± 4.99 | .231 |
| Gender (M/F) | 30/8 | 26/7 | .987 |
| Education (years) | 13.29 ± 2.50 | 15.18 ± 1.88 | .001* |
| Disease duration (years) | 8.13 ± 5.88 | – | – |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 24.59 ± 2.81 | 24.61 ± 3.10 | .970 |
| Systolic BP (mmHg) | 126.21 ± 12.82 | 123.24 ± 8.66 | .264 |
| Diastolic BP (mmHg) | 79.63 ± 9.84 | 82.18 ± 6.10 | .202 |
| HbA1c (%) | 8.10 ± 1.86 | 5.67 ± 0.54 | <.001* |
| FBG (mmol/L) | 9.16 ± 2.90 | 5.37 ± 0.87 | <.001* |
| TG (mmol/L) | 2.18 ± 1.28 | 1.74 ± 1.17 | .495 |
| TC (mmol/L) | 4.67 ± 1.53 | 4.93 ± 0.92 | .396 |
| MMSE | 28.00 ± 2.01 | 28.46 ± 1.60 | .301 |
| MoCA | 26.50 ± 2.67 | 27.02 ± 1.48 | .311 |
| TMT‐A | 74.50 ± 27.04 | 71.58 ± 26.51 | .866 |
| CDT | 17.88 ± 6.94 | 19.36 ± 5.70 | .333 |
| T2DM complications | |||
| Retinopathy | 8 | – | – |
| Peripheral neuropathy | 21 | – | – |
| Nephropathy | 22 | – | – |
| T2DM therapeutic agents | |||
| Dietary restriction | 12 | – | – |
| Oral medication | 18 | – | – |
| Insulin | 2 | – | – |
| Insulin + oral medication | 6 | – | – |
Abbreviations: BMI, body mass index; CDT, Clock Drawing Test; FBG, fasting blood glucose; HbA1c, glycated hemoglobin; MMSE, Mini‐Mental State Examination; MoCA, Montreal Cognitive Assessment; TC, total cholesterol; TG, triglycerides; TMT‐A, trail making test A.
*
p < .05.