Table 1.
Characteristics of Non‐PAD and PAD Participants
| Non‐PAD (n=9) | PAD (n=33) | P Value | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age, y | 73.3 (4.9) | 73.7 (6.5) | 0.858 |
| Men (%) | 2 (22.2) | 24 (72.7) | 0.016 |
| Black race, n (%) | 5 (55.6) | 18 (54.5) | 1 |
| ABI | 1.14 (0.07) | 0.67 (0.15) | Not applicable |
| Smoking status, n (%) | |||
| Never | 3 (33.3) | 6 (18.2) | |
| Former | 6 (66.7) | 18 (54.5) | 0.188 |
| Current | 0 (0) | 9 (27.3) | |
| BMI | 27.6 (5.1) | 29.6 (4.1) | 0.294 |
| Diabetes mellitus, n (%) | 1 (11.1) | 15 (45.5) | 0.119 |
| Other non‐diabetes mellitus comorbiditya | 2 (22.2) | 10 (30.3) | 1 |
| Rapid 4‐m walk speed, m/s | 1.16 (0.25) | 1.14 (0.20) | 0.841 |
| Normal 4‐m walk speed, m/s | 0.92 (0.25) | 0.82 (0.12) | 0.282 |
| 6‐min walk distance, m | 1387 (488) | 1207 (206) | 0.307 |
| mtDNA copy number | 1472 (929) | 4456 (5325) | 0.004 |
| Heteroplasmyb | |||
| Count | 21.7 (5.2) | 42.6 (21.9) | <0.001 |
| Microheteroplasmy (>1% & <5%) count | 18.2 (4.3) | 34.3 (15.9) | <0.001 |
| High frequency heteroplasmy (>10%) count | 2.6 (1.4) | 3.2 (3.0) | 0.407 |
| Displacement loop heteroplasmy count | 9.1 (3.3) | 13.5 (6.2) | 0.008 |
| Gene region heteroplasmy count | 12.6 (4.8) | 28.8 (17.7) | <0.001 |
Values are mean±SD. ABI indicates ankle brachial index; and BMI, body mass index.
a
Angina, myocardial infarction, heart failure, or pulmonary disease.
b
Heteroplasmy count corresponds to the count of all heteroplasmic variants (single nucleotide polymorphism [SNP], insertion, or deletion) observed with a minor frequency >1% in a participant sample. Low and high frequency counts reflect the number of variants with a frequency of the minor variant within the specified ranges. Displacement loop and gene region are counts of the subsets of all variants within the displacement loop and region of any mtDNA gene (coding, rRNA, tRNA), respectively. (N=42, exclusions: mtDNA copy number=1, covariates=1).