Table 5.

Time‐Dependent Proportional Hazards Analysis Showing Factors Associated With All‐Cause Mortality

Time‐Dependent Factors Associated With Long‐Term Mortality	Hazard Ratio (95% CI)	P Value
Aortic valve intervention as time‐dependent covariate	0.59 (0.47–0.75)	<0.001
Age	1.05 (1.04–1.06)	<0.001
Society of Thoracic Surgeons % score	1.10 (1.07–1.14)	<0.001
Chronic kidney disease	1.85 (1.40–2.45)	<0.001
Radiation heart disease	2.74 (1.86–4.03)	<0.001
ACE inhibitors/ARBs	0.76 (0.62–0.92)	0.006
NYHA class	1.56 (1.21–2.01)	0.001
Bicuspid aortic valve	0.43 (0.27–0.68)	<0.001
Aortic regurgitation severity grade	1.33 (1.07–1.65)	0.01
Right ventricular systolic pressure	1.01 (1.002–1.02)	0.012
Left ventricular mass index	1.005 (1.001–1.008)	0.004

ACE indicates angiotensin‐converting enzyme; ARB, angiotensin receptor blocker; NYHA, New York Heart Association.