Table 1.
Characteristics Stratified by the 3 Exercise MET Groups
| Characteristics | MET Exercise Group | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Group 1 4.0 to 8.1 METs n=77 | Group 2 8.2 to 10.5 METs n=98 | Group 3 ≥10.6 METs n=95 | ANOVA P Valuea | P Valueb | |
| Min exercise/wk mean (SD) | 142 (201) | 198 (224) | 229 (180) | 0.018 | |
| Min exercise/wk median [IQR] | 85 [0, 210] | 150 [0, 280] | 200 [120, 313] | <0.001 | |
| Demographic characteristics | |||||
| Age, mean±SD, y | 65.5±6.8 | 63.8±6.6 | 59.9±8.5 | <0.001 | <0.001 |
| Male sex, n (%) | 54 (70.1) | 81 (82.7) | 89 (93.7) | 0.039 | <0.001 |
| Inclusion criteria (may have >1), n (%) | |||||
| History of myocardial infarction | 37 (48.1) | 43 (43.9) | 44 (46.3) | 0.90 | 0.77 |
| History of percutaneous coronary intervention | 45 (58.4) | 59 (60.2) | 64 (67.4) | 0.85 | 0.48 |
| History of coronary bypass grafting | 17 (22.1) | 31 (31.6) | 14 (14.7) | 0.074 | 0.25 |
| Cardiovascular risk factors, n (%) | |||||
| History of hypertension | 66 (85.7) | 87 (88.8) | 72 (75.8) | 0.10 | 0.043 |
| History of diabetes mellitus | 30 (39.0) | 32 (32.7) | 13 (13.7) | 0.002 | <0.001 |
| Anthropometric and blood pressure, mean±SD | |||||
| Weight, kg | 92.3±16.0 | 92.1±14.7 | 88.8±11.2 | 0.11 | 0.13 |
| Body mass index, kg/m2 | 31.5±4.1 | 30.8±3.5 | 29.2±2.8 | <0.001 | <0.001 |
| Waist circumference, cm | 110.5±11.7 | 106.7±10.4 | 102.5±7.6 | <0.001 | <0.001 |
| Systolic blood pressure, mm Hg | 124.7±13.4 | 126.0±15.7 | 120.9±12.3 | 0.094 | 0.036 |
| Diastolic blood pressure, mm Hg | 70.2±9.0 | 74.2±10.6 | 74.3±8.7 | 0.034 | 0.002 |
| Biochemical profile, mean±SD | |||||
| Glucose, mmol/L | 6.15±1.88 | 6.00±2.13 | 5.47±1.13 | 0.18 | 0.048 |
| Hemoglobin A1c, % | 6.5±1.1 | 6.1±0.8 | 5.9±0.8 | 0.008 | <0.001 |
| Albumin creatinine ratio, median [IQR] | 8.4 [4.3, 25.0] | 4.0 [2.3, 9.4] | 3.5 [2.3, 5.7] | <0.001 | 0.30 |
| Lipids, mean±SD, mg/dLc | |||||
| Total cholesterol | 151.1±33.8 | 150.2±31.6 | 141.0±29.5 | 0.10 | 0.11 |
| Triglyceride, median [IQR] | 135.0 [97.0, 205.0] | 116.0 [88.3, 172.8] | 88.0 [69.8, 122.3] | 0.001 | <0.001 |
| High‐density lipoprotein‐C | 43.8±14.4 | 46.2±15.0 | 46.7±13.6 | 0.77 | 0.46 |
| Low‐density lipoprotein‐C | 84.7±27.0 | 85.0±23.3 | 80.4±24.8 | 0.31 | 0.47 |
| Complete blood count, mean±SD | |||||
| WBC, 109 cells/L | 6.9±1.9 | 6.7±1.8 | 6.1±1.5 | 0.18 | 0.092 |
| Monocytes, cells/μL | 553.0±181.2 | 522.6±163.3 | 503.4±151.0 | 0.13 | 0.10 |
| Neutrophils, cells/μL | 4416.8±1678.9 | 4325.4±1675.3 | 3872.7±1234.0 | 0.013 | 0.025 |
| Lymphocytes, cells/μL | 1744.4±676.9 | 1703.9±568.9 | 1537.7±473.0 | 0.91 | 0.85 |
| Platelets, cells/μL | 199.1±57.2 | 197.7±53.1 | 178.8±43.9 | 0.17 | 0.061 |
| Medications, n (%) | |||||
| Statin | 76 (98.7) | 91 (92.9) | 91 (95.8) | 0.48 | 0.18 |
| Aspirin | 75 (97.4) | 92 (93.9) | 92 (96.8) | 0.20 | 0.43 |
| Angiotensin‐converting enzyme inhibitor | 38 (49.4) | 54 (55.1) | 55 (57.9) | 0.74 | 0.53 |
| Angiotensin receptor blocker | 22 (28.6) | 16 (16.3) | 11 (11.6) | 0.53 | 0.013 |
| Thiazide diuretic | 22 (28.6) | 14 (14.3) | 16 (16.8) | 0.077 | 0.045 |
| Furosemide | 12 (15.6) | 6 (6.1) | 2 (2.1) | 0.025 | 0.003 |
| Calcium‐channel blocker | 22 (28.6) | 28 (28.6) | 13 (13.7) | 0.011 | 0.022 |
| Beta‐blocker | 61 (79.2) | 67 (68.4) | 67 (70.5) | 0.59 | 0.25 |
C indicates cholesterol; IQR, interquartile range; MET, metabolic equivalent of task; and WBC, white blood cells.
a
P values derived using Pearson's chi square for categorical variables and Kruskal–Wallis test for nonparametric data.
b
P value compares group 1 with group 3.
c
To convert the values for cholesterol to millimoles per liter, multiply by 0.02586. To convert the values for triglyceride to millimoles per liter, multiply by 0.01129.