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. 2020 Aug 15;146(4):790–798. doi: 10.1016/j.jaci.2020.08.008

Table II.

1:1 propensity-score–matched baseline characteristics, SARS-CoV-2 infection test results, and allergic diseases in all patients who underwent SARS-CoV-2 testing

Characteristic Patients who underwent SARS-CoV-2 test (total n = 219,959)
Asthma
Allergic rhinitis
Atopic dermatitis
No Yes SMD No Yes SMD No Yes SMD
Total, n (%) 29,570 29,570 73,527 73,527 8,436 8,436
Age (y), mean ± SD 57.7 ± 20.0 57.8 ± 20.0 0.005 49.7 ± 20.2 49.8 ± 20.0 0.007 52.7 ± 21.0 52.7 ± 21.4 0.002
Sex, n (%) 0.036 0.027 0.036
 Male 12,595 (42.6) 13,126 (44.4) 36,797 (50.1) 37,779 (51.4) 3,783 (44.8) 3,936 (46.7)
 Female 16,975 (57.4) 16,444 (55.6) 36,730 (50.0) 35,748 (48.6) 4,653 (55.2) 4,500 (53.3)
Region of residence, n (%) 0.011 0.164 0.004
 Rural 12,670 (42.9) 12,830 (43.4) 32,243 (43.9) 38,227 (52.0) 3,353 (39.8) 3,368 (39.9)
 Urban 16,900 (57.2) 16,740 (56.6) 41,284 (56.2) 35,300 (48.0) 5,083 (60.3) 5,068 (60.1)
History of diabetes mellitus, n (%) 8,128 (27.5) 8,175 (27.7) 0.004 11,987 (16.3) 13,146 (17.9) 0.042 2,225 (26.4) 2,200 (26.1) 0.007
History of cardiovascular disease, n (%) 7,724 (26.1) 7,928 (26.8) 0.017 10,050 (13.7) 12,208 (16.6) 0.083 2,006 (23.8) 2,048 (24.3) 0.013
History of cerebrovascular disease, n (%) 4,846 (16.4) 4,922 (16.7) 0.008 7,447 (10.1) 8,691 (11.8) 0.056 1,271 (15.1) 1,319 (15.6) 0.017
History of COPD, n (%) 6,641 (22.5) 6,791 (23.0) 0.014 3,203 (4.4) 4,531 (6.2) 0.069 1,330 (15.8) 1,342 (15.9) 0.004
History of hypertension, n (%) 13,616 (46.1) 13,474 (45.6) 0.010 21,987 (29.9) 22,974 (31.3) 0.029 3,457 (41.0) 3,404 (40.4) 0.013
History of chronic kidney disease, n (%) 2,896 (9.8) 3,205 (10.8) 0.037 4,723 (6.4) 5,823 (7.9) 0.060 1,014 (12.0) 1,095 (13.0) 0.032
Charlson comorbidity index, n (%) 0.010 0.078 0.012
 0 10,774 (36.4) 10,523 (35.6) 42,096 (57.3) 39,524 (53.8) 3,419 (40.5) 3,472 (41.2)
 1 4,056 (13.7) 4,169 (14.1) 7,574 (10.3) 7,570 (10.3) 1,057 (12.5) 1,048 (12.4)
 ≥2 14,740 (49.8) 14,878 (50.3) 23,857 (32.5) 26,433 (36.0) 3,960 (46.9) 3,916 (46.4)
Previous use of immunosuppressants, n (%) 686 (2.3) 740 (2.5) 0.017 1,058 (1.4) 1,394 (1.9) 0.035 449 (5.3) 550 (6.5) 0.057
COVID-19, n (%) 640 (2.2) 683 (2.3) 2,044 (2.8) 2,415 (3.3) 209 (2.5) 189 (2.2)
 Minimally adjusted OR (95% CI) Reference 1.07 (1.00 - 1.15) Reference 1.15 (1.09-1.22) Reference 0.90 (0.74-1.10)
 Fully adjusted OR (95% CI) Reference 1.08 (1.01-1.17) Reference 1.18 (1.11-1.25) Reference 0.93 (0.76-1.13)§

An SMD of <0.1 indicates no major imbalance. All SMD values were <0.1 in each propensity-score–matched cohort.

Numbers in boldface indicate significant differences (P < .05).

Minimally adjusted: adjustment for age and sex.

Fully adjusted: adjustment for age, sex, region of residence, history of diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular disease, cerebrovascular disease, COPD, hypertension, chronic kidney disease, Charlson comorbidity index, use of immunosuppressants, use of systemic glucocorticoids, allergic rhinitis, and atopic dermatitis.

Fully adjusted: adjustment for age, sex, region of residence, history of diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular disease, cerebrovascular disease, COPD, hypertension, chronic kidney disease, Charlson comorbidity index, use of immunosuppressants, use of systemic glucocorticoids, asthma, and atopic dermatitis.

§

Fully adjusted: adjustment for age, sex, region of residence, history of diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular disease, cerebrovascular disease, COPD, hypertension, chronic kidney disease, Charlson comorbidity index, use of immunosuppressants, use of systemic glucocorticoids, asthma, and allergic rhinitis.