Table 2. Adjusted Hazard Ratios of All-Cause Mortality for Weight Change Patterns From Young Adulthood to Midlife.

Characteristic	Weight change patterns
	Maintenance				Gain				Lossa
	Normal-normal	Overweight-overweight	Obese-obese	Normal-overweight		Normal-obese	Overweight-obese	Overweight-normal		Obese-overweight
Full sample
No. of events	1631	592	322	1375		544	531	119		64
Events/1000 py	16.4	19.6	24.8	20.1		25.4	23.0	28.6		28.9
Age-adjusted HR (95% CI)b	1 [Reference]	1.31 (1.17-1.46)	2.20 (1.88-2.57)	1.07 (0.98-1.17)		1.25 (1.09-1.44)	1.56 (1.37-1.78)	1.56 (1.22-1.99)		1.19 (0.78-1.80)
Multivariable adjusted HR (95% CI)c	1 [Reference]	1.15 (1.02-1.31)	2.17 (1.85-2.53)	1.05 (0.97-1.15)		1.32 (1.15-1.52)	1.47 (1.28-1.69)	1.29 (1.02-1.64)		1.00 (0.62-1.60)
Never smokers
No. of events	453	169	130	486		218	195	28		19
Events/1000 py	9.8	12.8	19.6	14.6		19.1	17.7	17.4		20.7
Age-adjusted HR (95% CI)b	1 [Reference]	1.37 (1.06-1.76)	3.29 (2.55-4.23)	1.24 (1.04-1.46)		1.47 (1.17-1.86)	1.98 (1.56-2.50)	1.62 (1.11-2.35)		1.39 (0.71-2.70)
Multivariable adjusted HR (95% CI)c	1 [Reference]	1.20 (0.93-1.56)	2.82 (2.16-3.67)	1.16 (0.98-1.37)		1.37 (1.08-1.74)	1.75 (1.39-2.22)	1.58 (1.13-2.21)		1.46 (0.81-2.65)

Abbreviations: HR, hazard ratio; py, person-years.

^a Results for weight loss pattern obese-normal were suppressed because of few incident events (<10).

^b Age at baseline (continuous).

^c Adjusted for age at baseline (years), sex (male, female), race/ethnicity (non-Hispanic White, non-Hispanic Black, Hispanic, and non-Hispanic other), educational level (less than high school, high school or equivalent, and college and above), nativity (US born, non-US born), smoking status (never, former, and current), and survey year (continuous).