Table 3.
Baseline Characteristics of Patients in the Prospective Cohort
| Variables | No Incident CVD (n=608) | Developed IHD (n=36) | Developed Cerebral Infarction (n=44) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age, y | 57.6±13.5 | 71.6±14.1† | 71.4±10.6† |
| Men | 236 (38.8) | 20 (55.6) | 18 (40.9) |
| BMI, kg/m2 a | 24.1 (21.7–26.2) | 24.9 (22.5–26.6) | 23.4 (21.6–25.9) |
| Waist circumference, cm | 82.2±9.7 | 86.1±8.4* | 83.6±10.8 |
| SBP, mm Hga | 120 (110–134) | 132 (119–150)† | 130 (120–140)† |
| DBP, mm Hga | 75 (70–80) | 79 (71–86) | 80 (71–80) |
| Hypertension | 189 (31.1) | 22 (61.1)† | 27 (61.4) |
| Ever smoker | 155 (25.5%) | 10 (27.8%) | 8 (18.2%) |
| DM | 73 (12.0%) | 9 (25.0%)* | 16 (36.4%)† |
| FBG, mmol/La | 5.19 (4.85–5.60) | 5.54 (5.15–6.35)* | 5.46 (5.17–6.81)† |
| 2hBG, mmol/La | 6.20 (5.10–7.21) | 6.75 (6.27–8.20)* | 6.75 (6.17–8.75)† |
| HOMA‐IRa | 0.84 (0.50–1.42) | 0.96 (0.68–1.43) | 0.97 (0.56–1.60) |
| Glycated hemoglobin, %a | 5.7 (5.3–6.1) | 6.0 (5.7–6.6)† | 5.8 (5.5–6.6)† |
| Triglycerides, mmol/La | 1.45 (1.02–2.25) | 1.87 (1.24–2.83) | 1.66 (1.14–2.79)* |
| Total cholesterol, mmol/La | 4.80 (4.20–5.50) | 4.95 (4.33–5.70) | 5.20 (4.25–5.95) |
| HDL‐C, mmol/La | 1.32 (1.10–1.55) | 1.24 (1.05–1.42) | 1.25 (1.10–1.48) |
| LDL‐C, mmol/L | 2.75±0.77 | 3.01±0.99 | 2.81±0.80 |
| Dyslipidemia | 349 (57.4) | 24 (66.7) | 32 (72.7) |
| eGFR, mL/min per 1.73 m2 a | 100.3 (85.6–114.7) | 80.1 (60.5–102.6)† | 89.6 (79.0–114.2) |
| hsCRP, mg/La | 0.9 (0.4–2.2) | 1.5 (0.7–7.1)† | 2.4 (0.9–5.4)† |
| Lipocalin‐2, pg/mLa | 15.4 (10.6–22.7) | 18.6 (13.6–27.8)† | 18.5 (9.9–25.0) |
| FGF21, pg/mLa | 325.2 (189.0–498.9) | 479.5 (302.4–627.0)† | 401.6 (238.3–616.4)* |
Data are presented as mean±SD, median (interquartile range), or number (percentage). 2hBG indicates 2‐hour blood glucose; BMI, body mass index; DBP, diastolic blood pressure; DM, diabetes mellitus; eGFR, estimated glomerular filtration rate; FBG, fasting blood glucose; FGF21, fibroblast growth factor 21; HDL‐C, high‐density lipoprotein cholesterol; HOMA‐IR, homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance index; hsCRP, high‐sensitivity C‐reactive protein; IHD, ischemic heart disease; LDL‐C, low‐density lipoprotein cholesterol; and SBP, systolic blood pressure.
*P<0.05 and † P<0.01 compared with no incident cardiovascular disease (CVD) group.
a
Log‐transformed before analysis.