Table 1.
Baseline Demographic and Clinical Characteristics of Patients Stratified by Quartiles of w‐SD
| Total | Quartile 1 | Quartile 2 | Quartile 3 | Quartile 4 | P Value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| (N=1421) | (n=355) | (n=348) | (n=362) | (n=356) | ||
| Age, y | 49.4±13.6 | 43.5±13.3 | 48.5±13.6 | 51.7±12.8 | 53.7±12.6 | <0.001 |
| Men, No. (%) | 798 (56) | 186 (52) | 203 (58) | 215 (59) | 194 (55) | 0.20 |
| Smokers, No. (%) | 473 (34) | 104 (30) | 121 (35) | 124 (35) | 124 (35) | 0.32 |
| DM, No. (%) | 285 (25) | 50 (18) | 65 (25) | 72 (24) | 98 (31) | 0.005 |
| History of CVD, No. (%) | 144 (10) | 21 (6) | 35 (10) | 37 (10) | 51 (14) | 0.003 |
| Causes of CKD, No. (%) | <0.001 | |||||
| DKD | 180 (12.9) | 27 (7.7) | 36 (10.6) | 46 (13.0) | 71 (20.1) | |
| Glomerulonephritis | 835 (59.6) | 251 (71.5) | 209 (61.3) | 194 (54.6) | 181 (51.2) | |
| Other | 385 (27.5) | 73 (20.8) | 96 (28.2) | 115 (32.4) | 101 (28.6) | |
| BMI, kg/m2 | 24.7±3.9 | 23.8±3.9 | 24. 8±3.9 | 25.2±3.8 | 24.8±3.8 | <0.001 |
| Serum albumin, g/L | 39.3±7.0 | 38.9±7.4 | 39.3±6.8 | 38.9±7.3 | 39.9±6.4 | 0.26 |
| FBG, mmol/L | 5.03 (4.53–5.65) | 4.95 (4.51–5.65) | 4.96 (4.47–5.61) | 4.96 (4.46–5.53) | 5.13 (4.71–5.81) | 0.035 |
| Hemoglobin, g/L | 126.0±22.2 | 126.6±21.8 | 127.4±23.0 | 126.0±22.5 | 123.9±21.5 | 0.19 |
| Triglycerides, mmol/L | 1.73 (1.20–2.38) | 1.66 (1.09–2.18) | 1.76 (1.21–2.46) | 1.73 (1.17–2.43) | 1.75 (1.24–2.31) | 0.09 |
| TC, mmol/L | 4.68 (3.81–5.53) | 4.64 (3.78–5.50) | 4.49 (3.76–5.34) | 4.71 (3.94–5.58) | 4.74 (4.00–5.64) | 0.21 |
| HDL‐C, mmol/L | 1.09 (0.91–1.31) | 1.05 (0.93–1.26) | 1.05 (0.87–1.25) | 1.09 (0.89–1.33) | 1.12 (0.94–1.36) | 0.01 |
| LDL‐C, mmol/L | 2.60 (2.07–3.23) | 2.62 (1.99–3.23) | 2.52 (2.02–3.12) | 2.68 (2.07–3.26) | 2.59 (2.20–3.28) | 0.29 |
| 24‐h Proteinuria, g/d | 0.87 (0.33–1.98) | 0.73 (0.31–1.74) | 0.86 (0.33–2.06) | 0.87 (0.29–1.95) | 0.77 (0.28–1.88) | 0.21 |
| Creatinine, μmol/L | 144.7 (101.0–202.0) | 126.0 (84.0–182.8) | 140.9 (97.3–203.8) | 148.0 (108.0–205.5) | 157.5 (119.3–206.5) | <0.001 |
| eGFR, mL/min per 1.73 m2 | 50.5±29.3 | 59.6±32.9 | 51.1±29.4 | 48.6±27.7 | 42.8±24.2 | <0.001 |
| CKD stage, No. % | <0.001 | |||||
| 1 | 192 (13) | 81 (22) | 44 (13) | 44 (12) | 23 (7) | |
| 2 | 241 (17) | 75 (21) | 64 (18) | 54 (15) | 48 (14) | |
| 3 | 569 (40) | 112 (32) | 138 (40) | 156 (43) | 163 (46) | |
| 4 | 419 (30) | 87 (25) | 102 (29) | 108 (30) | 122 (34) |
Values are expressed as mean±SD or 95% CI unless otherwise indicated. Missing data: smokers 22, diabetes mellitus (DM) 270, history of cardiovascular disease (CVD) 8, body mass index (BMI) 178, serum albumin 285, fasting blood glucose (FBG) 315, hemoglobin 60, triglycerides 341, total cholesterol (TC) 342, high‐density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL‐C) 372, low‐density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL‐C) 372, and 24‐hour proteinuria 65. CKD indicates chronic kidney disease; DKD, diabetic kidney disease; eGFR, estimated glomerular filtration rate; and w‐SD, weighted SD of systolic blood pressure.